Successive cambia revisited: ontogeny, histology, diversity, and functional significance

Carlquist, Sherwin

doi:10.3159/1095-5674(2007)134[301:scrohd]2.0.co;2

Cited by 112 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…In fact, there are more detailed studies on the following families: Amaranthaceae, Aizoaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Leguminosae, Nyctaginaceae, Convolvulaceae and Phytollacaceae. In these families, the pattern of secondary thickening is only superfi cially similar to Menispermaceae, and the literature has proposed different origins for successive cambia: cortex (Pfeiffer 1926, Chalk & Chattaway 1937, Balfour 1965, Mikesell & Popham 1976, Mikesell 1979, Carlquist 1999, 2007, Rajput & Rao 2008, pericycle (Haberlandt 1914, Pfeiffer 1926, Chalk & Chattaway 1937, Joshi 1937, Mikesell & Popham 1976, Mikesell 1979, Fahn & Zimmermann 1982, phloem (Metcalfe & Chalk 1950, Wheat 1977, Nair & Ram 1990). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…" Carlquist (1996), however, does not address the nature of this band, commenting only that it may have protophloem fi bers: "…the sclerenchyma associated with the fi rst cambium may contain protophloem fi bers, but the sclerenchyma associated with subsequent cambia lacks any phloem fi bers." Nonetheless, when approaching the origin of successive cambia in general, Carlquist (2007) accepts the involvement of the pericycle in the formation of successive cambia, but only in the root. This indicates that he does not accept the presence of the pericycle in the stem of dicotyledons.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…For example, most genera in the Centrospermae family having a lateral meristem are described variously by different authors: primary thickening meristem -PTM (Stevenson & Popham 1973, Mikesell & Popham 1976, Mikessel 1979, Yarrow & Popham 1981, Carlquist 1988, diffuse lateral meristem (Carlquist 1999), confi ned meristem (Carlquist 2001), lateral meristem (Carlquist 2004) and master cambium (Carlquist 2007).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Specifi cally, he introduced the term "master cambium" as a replacement for his own term, "lateral meristem," as the author considered it vague during a review study, which included several families and which was based on previously published data. However, although Carlquist (2007) claims that the master cambium is lacking in Gnetum africanum Welw. and the large tropical lianas (Bauhinia, Menispermaceae), he later states (p. 307) that new master cambia do form de novo in cortical cells.…”

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Origin of successive cambia on stem in three species of Menispermaceae

Tamaio¹,

Vieira²,

Angyalossy

2009

Rev. bras. Bot.

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-(Origin of successive cambia on stem in three species of Menispermaceae). The lianas observed in this study, Abuta convexa (Vell.) Diels, Abuta imene (Mart.) Eichler, and Chondrodendron platiphyllum (A. St.-Hil.) Miers, all have successive cambia in their stems. The terminology applied to stem histology in species with successive cambia is as diverse as the interpretations of the origins of this cambial variant. Therefore, this study specifi cally investigates the origin of successive cambia through a developmental analysis of the above-mentioned species, including an analysis of the terminology used to describe this cambial variation. For the fi rst time, we have identifi ed several developmental stages giving rise to the origins of successive cambia in this family. First, the pericycle originates in 1-3 layers of conjunctive tissue. After the differentiation of the fi rst ring, the conjunctive tissue undergoes new divisions, developing approximately 10 rows of parenchyma cells. In the middle portion, a layer of sclereids is formed, again subdividing the conjunctive tissue into two parts: internal and external. New cambia originate in the internal part, from which new secondary vascular strands will originate, giving rise to the second successive vascular ring of the stem. The external part remains parenchymatous during the installation of the second ring and will undergo new periclinal division, repeating the entire process. New cambia will originate from the neoformed strands, which will form only rays. In the literature, successive cambia are formed by a meristem called "diffuse lateral meristem." However, based on the species of Menispermaceae studied in this report, it is demonstrated that the diffuse lateral meristem is the pericycle itself.Key words -Abuta, cambial variant, Chondrodendron, development, liana RESUMO -(Origem dos câmbios sucessivos em caule de três espécies de Menispermaceae). As lianas observadas neste estudo, Abuta convexa (Vell.) Diels, Abuta imene (Mart.) Eichler e Chondrodendron platiphyllum (A. St.-Hil.) Miers, possuem câmbios sucessivos em seus caules. A terminologia aplicada à histologia de caules de espécies com câmbios sucessivos é tão diversa quanto as interpretações das origens dessa variação cambial. O objetivo deste estudo é investigar a origem dos câmbios sucessivos através de uma análise do desenvolvimento nas espécies supracitadas, incluindo uma análise da terminologia utilizada para descrevê-los. Diversos estágios do desenvolvimento que originam os câmbios sucessivos em Menispermaceae foram constatados. Inicialmente, o periciclo forma de 1 a 3 camadas de tecido conjuntivo. Depois da diferenciação do primeiro anel, o tecido conjuntivo divide-se novamente, desenvolvendo cerca de 10 fi leiras de células parenquimáticas. Na porção mediana forma-se um anel de esclereídes, subdividindo o tecido conjuntivo em duas partes. A parte mais interna (tecido conjuntivo interno) forma novos câmbios, que, por sua vez, originam os novos cordões vasculares secundários, formando, ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Origin of successive cambia on stem in three species of Menispermaceae

Tamaio¹,

Vieira²,

Angyalossy

2009

Rev. bras. Bot.

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“…Los cámbiumes subsecuentes se desarrollan de manera similar resultando en la formación de anillos sucesivos de xilema y floema (Rajput & Rao, 2003). Carlquist (2007) realizó una interpretación diferente para la polixilia, en la que existiría una zona externa (master cambium) activa mitóticamente de manera ininterrumpida, que genera capas de cámbium en dirección centrípeta. Fig.…”

Section: Polixilia O Cámbiumes Sucesivosunclassified

Evolutionary developmental studies in fossil stems of Corystospermaceae

Bodnar¹

2012

MACN

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INTRODUCCIÓNLa Biología Evolutiva-del Desarrollo (EvoDevo) se encarga de examinar cómo las alteraciones de los procesos ontogenéticos, reguladas genéticamente, contribuyen al incremento de la diversidad biológica (Bateman & DiMichele, 1994Cronk, 2001;Harrison et al., 2002;Shepard & Purugganan, 2002;Smith, 2003;Friedman et al., 2004;Floyd & Bowman, 2007). Bateman Rev. Mus. Argentino Cienc. Nat., n.s. 14(1): 143-166, 2012 ISSN 1514 Abstract: Evolutionary developmental studies in fossil stems of Corystospermaceae. A methodological critera to study the development of permineralized stems is proposed, which is applied in the analysis of the evodevo patterns of Corystospermaceae axes, the most important Mesozoic seed fern family in gondwanic Triassic paleofloras. This group accounts for an excellent case study because their stems are preserved permineralized, showing cellular and histological details, and it is possible to examine their whole ontogeny in a single individual since the cells of the secondary xylem and phloem are produced in successive layers retaining permanently their position. In the ontogenetic studies of pteridosperms, regulating mechanisms of development must be discerned comparing with ontogenies of comparable living plants. This extrapolation is possible since it is known that regulating processes of secondary growth are homologous in all lygnophytes. Most of corystosperm axes present a dissected secondary vascular cylinder, and tissues with unusual development and position, which is caused by four classes of cambial deviations: 1-differential activity throughout the stem circumference; 2-remnant activity; 3-inverse or centripetal cambium; and 4 -successive inverse and/or normal cambia (poyxyly). The origin of these cambium deviations is intimately linked to heterotopic events, including neoheterotopy and homeosis. By comparison with living plant studies, it is theorized that homeotic genes implied with these events could be those related to the beginning of cambial activity, cell differentiation, and vascular bundle arrangement.Key words: Pteridosperms, Ontogeny, Heterotopy, Heterochrony, Trunks.Resumen: Se propone un criterio metodológico para estudiar el desarrollo de tallos permineralizados, aplicado en el análisis de los patrones evolutivos-del desarrollo de los ejes caulinares de las Corystospermaceae, familia de "pteridospermas" dominante en las paleofloras triásicas gondwánicas. Este grupo representa un excelente caso de estudio dado que sus tallos se preservan permineralizados, por lo que exhiben detalles celulares e histológicos, y, asimismo, su ontogenia entera puede ser examinada en un solo ejemplar debido a que las células del xilema y floema secundario son producidas en capas sucesivas que retienen su posición de manera permanente. En los estudios ontogenéticos de pteridospermas los mecanismos reguladores del desarrollo deben ser discernidos por medio de la comparación con ontogenias de plantas vivientes comparables. Esta extrapolación es posible ya que se sabe que los procesos ...

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The evolution of angiosperm lianescence: a perspective from xylem structure‐function

Isnard¹,

Feild²

2014

Ecology of Lianas

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Successive cambia revisited: ontogeny, histology, diversity, and functional significance

Cited by 112 publications

References 42 publications

Origin of successive cambia on stem in three species of Menispermaceae

Origin of successive cambia on stem in three species of Menispermaceae

Evolutionary developmental studies in fossil stems of Corystospermaceae

The evolution of angiosperm lianescence: a perspective from xylem structure‐function

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