Successional structure and useful condition of mowing-and-grazing landscapes

Abstract

The paper presents data on the indicators of livestock production, the number of farm animals and poultry in the Tyumen region. The characteristics and significance of near-village forage lands are given. The studied forage lands are assigned to the forest-steppe lowland latitudinal-zonal area of the Kurgan province and contain valuable species of herbs: Calamagrostis epigejos, Bromopsis inermis, Festuca pratensis, Vicia villosa Roth, Trifolium rubens L., Medicago falcata. The territory of pastures is used for mowing and grazing animals of the individual sector, which prevents sodding and degeneration and has a significant impact on the consistent regular change of the biological community (phytocoenosis, microbial community, etc.). The hay yield is 14.7 c/ha, which corresponds to natural meadows without cultivation. To improve the quality of hay and yield, the authors suggest carrying out agrotechnical measures: compliance with the terms of mowing the grass - a week before flowering or at the beginning of flowering of meadow grasses; introduction of potash fertilizers, which will increase the content of grasses in the herbage and will reduce the specific weight of forbs; application of nitrogen fertilizer in a mixture with potash and complete mineral fertilization, which will reduce the level of forbs by almost half; undersowing of leguminous grasses.

Digital solutions for the ecological aspect of the sustainability of agroecosystems

“…The inventory and analytical stage of collecting materials showed that the tract of the agrolandscape has a northern exposure of the slope, the slope is directed to the floodplain of the Emurtla River [10], the height above sea level varies from 82 meters to 75, as a result, the facies of the tract are dissected by erosion processes. The proximity of arable land to the swampy floodplain of the river causes the transition of soils from the automorphic series to the alluvial one.…”

Biological treatment of plant waste water

“…In the interstitial falls there are peat soils -boggy, grassy, peaty and meadow soils. All soils are of heavy and clayey texture [2,5,9,12].…”

“…Agriculture as an economic activity is based on meeting the needs of the population for fresh and nutritious food, but is also one of the sources of pollution of the components of the environment [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. At present, the negative impact of agricultural production on the environment, one of which is untreated wastewater [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17], is advancing. Wastewater carries dangerous chemical compounds, pathogenic microorganisms, biogens included in fertilizers.…”

Comparative analysis of segetal vegetation in different climatic zones of the Northern Trans-Urals

“…For the successful development of agroecological aspects of weed control, it is necessary to know the relationship between cultivated and weeds, learn how to manage them. However, it must be remembered that weeds have a higher ecological plasticity compared to cultivated plants [11].…”