Succession of Microorganisms during Wood Decay

Kaarik, Aino

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-85778-2_4

Cited by 25 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Fungal wound invasion is certainly more likely to occur at active and wet wounds. The occurrence of ophiostomatalean species in the fresh, exposed wounds is consistent with a previous hypothesis regarding the succession of microorganisms during wood decay (Käärik, ; Solheim, ). Based on this concept, species of the Ophiostomatales are primary colonizers of the fresh sapwood and other wood substrates.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Ophiostomatales associated with wounds on hardwood trees in Poland

et al. 2019

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Wounds on trees provide entrance for many members of the Ophiostomatales (Ascomycota), including economically damaging tree pathogens. Because very little is known regarding wound‐associated fungi on hardwoods in Europe or their potential nitidulid beetle vectors (Coleoptera), the aim of this survey was to explore the diversity of these fungi in Poland. Wound samples associated with 26 tree species were collected from 18 stands in Poland. Fungi belonging to the Ophiostomatales were isolated and identified based on morphology and DNA sequence comparisons of five gene regions, combined with phylogenetic analyses. In total, 32 taxa were identified, including 20 known and 12 currently undescribed species. In addition, Grosmannia cainii, Ophiostoma cf. ponderosae, O. sparsiannulatum and Sporothrix aurorae were reported for the first time outside of the USA. The wound‐associated members of the Ophiostomatales recovered from hardwoods showed high diversity and specificity. Among the species recovered, 16 belonged to Sporothrix, 11 represented Ophiostoma s. l., five could be assigned to Leptographium s. l., and one Graphilbum species was detected. Among the studied tree species, wounds on Quercus robur appeared to be the most vulnerable to infection by members of the Ophiostomatales. All the nitidulid beetle species were found in association with species assignable to Ophiostoma and Sporothrix. This study detected a significant association between the occurrence of species belonging to the Ophiostomatales and the health status of the wounded trees. Some of the isolated species were host specific although Ophiostoma quercus, the most frequently encountered species, had a broad host range.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Ophiostomatales associated with wounds on hardwood trees in Poland

et al. 2019

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“…Additionally, we revealed some variations in the spatial composition of fungal communities in the cavity excavated by white-backed woodpecker. In our study, Alternaria, Penicillium, Mucor, Mortierella, and Trichoderma species, known as typical invaders of wood [74,75], were mainly detected in the wood surrounding the entrance to the cavity. The wood surrounding the entrance to the cavity was also dominated by basidiomycetous species, such as Bjerkandera adusta, Ischnoderma benzoinum, and Trametes versicolor, which did not occur in deeper parts of the cavity.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 48%

Diversity of wood-inhabiting fungi in woodpecker nest cavities in southern Poland

et al. 2019

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Globally, tree-holes are important ecological component of forest and woodlands. Numerous microorganisms rely on cavities, both natural and those excavated by primary cavity nesting birds, mainly by woodpeckers, for their survival and reproduction. However, the fungi occurring in cavities are not well characterized. Specifically, very little is known about the fungal communities inhabiting the woodpecker nest cavities. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the fungal diversity of cavities in southern Poland. The samples were collected from freshly excavated woodpecker nest cavities using a nondestructive method (ND). The spatial distribution of fungal communities within the cavities was evaluated by sampling different parts of a single cavity using a destructive method (D). We detected 598 fungal isolates that included 64 species in three phyla and 16 orders using the ND method. Most of the fungi isolated from the cavities represented the phylum Ascomycota (73.9% of the isolates) with 11 orders, and Microascales was the predominant order (30% of the isolates). The most common species detected was <em>Petriella musispora</em>, which was isolated from 65% of the cavities. A total of 150 isolates (25%) were members of Basidiomycota, with Hymenochaetales being the dominant order (16% of the isolates). The basidiomycetous fungi were isolated from 55% of the cavities. Several taxa closely related to the pathogenic fungi and associated with secondary animal infections were detected in the wood of cavities. We identified different fungal communities in the three cavity parts using the D method. The cavity entrance had more number of species than the middle and bottom parts. The results of this study advanced our current knowledge on the mycobiota in woodpecker nest cavities and provided preliminary evidence for tree cavities being the hotspot for fungal diversity.

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“…It is a common species in the Northern Hemisphere, occurring on spruce infested by Ips spp. ( Davidson et al 1967 , Käärik 1975 , Solheim 1986 , Yamaoka et al 1997 , Jankowiak 2005 , Massoumi Alamouti et al 2007 ). In our study, isolates of O. bicolor were collected from Russia in an area with extensive I. typographus damage on spruce.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<I>Ophiostoma</I> spp. associated with pine- and spruce-infesting bark beetles in Finland and Russia

Linnakoski¹,

Beer²,

Ahtiainen³

et al. 2010

Pers - Int Mycol J

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The timber and pulp industries of Finland rely heavily on importations from Russia as source of raw timber. These imports raise the risk of accidentally importing forest pests and pathogens, especially bark beetles and their associated fungi, into Finland. Although ophiostomatoid fungi have previously been reported from Finland and Russia, the risks of accidentally moving these fungi has prompted a first survey to compare the diversity of conifer-infesting bark beetles and associated fungi from boreal forests on both sides of the Finnish-Russian border. The aim of the present study was to identify and characterise Ophiostoma species isolated in association with 11 bark beetle species infesting Pinus sylvestris and Picea abies during this survey in the eastern parts of Finland and neighbouring Russia. Fungal isolates were grouped based on morphology and representatives of each morphological group were subjected to DNA sequence comparisons of the internal transcribed spaced region (ITS1, 5.8S, ITS2) and β-tubulin gene region. A total of 15 species of Ophiostoma were identified, including seven known species, five new species, and three species for which the identity remains uncertain. In the O. piceae-complex we identified O. canum, O. floccosum, O. karelicum and O. rachisporum sp. nov., and related to these, some isolates belonging to the European clade of O. minus in the O. minus-complex. Ophiostoma bicolor and O. fuscum sp. nov. were identified in the O. ips-complex, while O. ainoae, O. brunneo-ciliatum, O. tapionis sp. nov. and O. pallidulum sp. nov. were shown to group close to, but not in a strict monophyletic lineage with species of the O. ips-complex. Together with a single O. abietinum-like isolate, the only species that grouped close to the Sporothrix schenckii- O. stenoceras complex, was O. saponiodorum sp. nov.

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Succession of Microorganisms during Wood Decay

Cited by 25 publications

References 8 publications

Ophiostomatales associated with wounds on hardwood trees in Poland

Ophiostomatales associated with wounds on hardwood trees in Poland

Diversity of wood-inhabiting fungi in woodpecker nest cavities in southern Poland

<I>Ophiostoma</I> spp. associated with pine- and spruce-infesting bark beetles in Finland and Russia

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