Succession and Survival Strategies in Lichen Populations on a Palm Trunk

Rogers, R. W.

doi:10.2307/2260572

Cited by 19 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…This lack of variation was, however, intentional so as not to obscure potential patterns of phorophyte specificity if present. Other aspects influencing community formation, such as succession and direct competition (Armstrong 1986(Armstrong , 1988Rogers 1988;Harris 1996), were not studied here but, together with the stochasticity of dispersal, could in part explain individual differences between samples. Whereas there was no evidence of phorophyte specificity among the studied lichens, subtle differences in lichen species composition exist between different tree species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phorophyte specificity and environmental parameters versus stochasticity as determinants for species composition of corticolous crustose lichen communities in the Atlantic rain forest of northeastern Brazil

2007

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A transect of 47 mature trees was studied within an Atlantic rain-forest plot in northeastern Brazil to determinate effects of phorophyte specificity and environmental parameters vs. stochasticity on the structure of corticolous, crustose microlichen communities. A total of 150 lichen species was found, most being rare to extremely rare. Multivariate analysis of sample plots indicated subtle phorophyte preferences among certain lichen species, corresponding to differences in bark pH, degree of bark shedding, density and size of bark lenticels, and presence of milk sap. Individual and multiple regressions revealed correlations between lichen species richness; respectively, area cover and bark pH (negative); density and size of bark lenticels (negative); degree of bark shedding (negative); presence of milk sap (positive); and diffuse site factor (positive). No strongly delimited lichen communities were detected, but cluster analysis revealed three main groups and six subgroups with slightly different lichen species composition, each one with characteristic indicator species but with highly variable overall species composition. Beta diversity was high among samples and lacked spatial structure. However, beta diversity was significantly lower among samples belonging to the same tree species, independent of their spatial arrangement. It was concluded that community formation in tropical rain-forest understory lichens subtly correlates with two main environmental factor complexes-phorophyte bark characteristics and microclimate-but is to a large extent determined by the stochastic effects of species dispersal, especially of rare species.Lichens occur in practically all ecosystems-from hot and cold deserts, to lush tropical rainforests and even in aquatic and marine environments (Henssen and Jahns

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phorophyte specificity and environmental parameters versus stochasticity as determinants for species composition of corticolous crustose lichen communities in the Atlantic rain forest of northeastern Brazil

2007

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“…Changes in the forest environment also occur, including overtopping by twig or branch extension, or the growth of nearby trees. Rarely is lichen succession a simple chronosequence in an unchanging environment (Rogers 1988). In addition, due to the slow establishment of some species and the persistence of others, it is rare to find a stand which fully expresses the habitat conditions at that point in time.…”

Section: Successional Path Waysmentioning

confidence: 99%

An analysis of epiphytic lichen communities in Tasmanian cool temperate rainforest

Kantvilas¹,

Minchin

1989

Vegetatio

135

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A three-dimensional compositional pattern in the epiphytic lichen vegetation in Tasmanian cool temperate rainforest is demonstrated using the robust ordination technique, hybrid multidimensional scaling (HMDS). The first two dimensions are correlated with the age of the host tree (and the concomitant change in bark texture) and wetness of the substrate. No measured environmental variable is related to the third dimension, which is tentatively attributed to a gradient in the constancy of the microclimate. Pattems of richness of lichen growth forms and the cover of bryophytes are correlated with the three putative environmental gradients. Possible successional trends between 12 community groups derived by numerical classification are described with respect to changes in substrate age, wetness and microclimatic constancy. Temporal variation of these factors due to tree growth, together with the slow establishment and long persistence of some lichen species, make succession in epiphytic communities very complex. This study demonstrates the value of HMDS in identifying compositional patterns and generating hypotheses about the causal ecological factors. The existence of the postulated microclimatic constancy gradient was not appreciated before the analysis and its discovery illustrates the risk of relying on constrained ordination methods, such as canonical correspondence analysis.

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“…The relative growth rate of 5. subtilissima is the highest yet reported for any lichen exceeding those reported by Rogers (1988) and by Snelgar and Green (1982). Porina epiphylla has a lower relative growth rate than 5. subtilissima, but it is still amongst the higher values known.…”

Section: Growth Ratesmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…elegans of 6.64X 10^^ mm-mm~2 week"' is very close to the figure of 6.86X10~2 mmm m~2 week"' for S. subtilissima. These values are an order of magnitude larger than the next highest rate, that of Cladina alpestris, which has a relative growth rate of 4.5X 10~^g g-' week-' (Rogers 1988).…”

Section: Growth Ratesmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Determination of the size of lichens presents no special problems, but determination of maximum relative growth rate is not practicable in lichens, for they cannot normally be grown under uniform conditions. Rogers (1988) argued that the minimum relative growth rate necessary to account for growth achieved in the field (Rneid) was an appropriate substitute for Rmax-Using this approach Rogers (1988) constructed a triangular strategy ordination of lichens from diflerent habitats and with different growth forms and showed that there is a range of strategies evident in lichens. It was also shown that when compared with herbaceous flowering plants lichens are extreme stress tolerators.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Colonization, growth, and survival strategies of lichens on leaves in a subtropical rainforest

Rogers¹

1989

Australian Journal of Ecology

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Rainforest leaves are a relatively short-lived habitat which is well defined in both time and space, and which is occupied by a range of specialized lichens which might be expected to show survival strategies contrasting with those of other lichens. Changes in the lichen populations of individual leaves in subtropical rainforest at Mt Glorious, Queensland. Australia were observed for 1662 days. Over 1100 days elapsed before 50% of surviving leaves showed visible lichen thalli and the probability of colonization estimated from life tables did not exceed 0.42±0.20 at any time. Porina epiphylla had a relative growth rate of 3.01 X 10~^ mm^ mm~~ week~', a high value for a lichen. The relative growth rate o/Strigula subtilissima, however, was 6.86X]0~^ mmm m~^ week~', the highest rate known for any lichen. Small size and high relative growth rates indicate that lichens on leaves have the most extreme ruderal strategy yet demonstrated amongst the lichens.

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Succession and Survival Strategies in Lichen Populations on a Palm Trunk

Cited by 19 publications

References 14 publications

Phorophyte specificity and environmental parameters versus stochasticity as determinants for species composition of corticolous crustose lichen communities in the Atlantic rain forest of northeastern Brazil

Phorophyte specificity and environmental parameters versus stochasticity as determinants for species composition of corticolous crustose lichen communities in the Atlantic rain forest of northeastern Brazil

An analysis of epiphytic lichen communities in Tasmanian cool temperate rainforest

Colonization, growth, and survival strategies of lichens on leaves in a subtropical rainforest

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