Successful weight maintainers among young adults—A ten-year prospective population study

Kärkkäinen, Ulla; Mustelin, Linda; Raevuori, Anu; Kaprio, Jaakko; Keski‐Rahkonen, Anna

doi:10.1016/j.eatbeh.2018.03.004

Cited by 18 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…A recent longitudinal observational study of persons with a mean age of 24 years showed that only a quarter of young adults maintained their body weight over 10 years, 68.3% of participants gained more than 5% of their weight and eating regularly and having no history of excessive dieting (intentionally losing ≥ 5 kg) were significant factors related to successful weight maintenance in both genders [16]. This means that continuous regular eating habits are even more essential to successful weight management.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relation Between Daily Self-Weighing and Physique, Lifestyle Factors, and Glycemic Parameters in Japanese College Students

et al. 2020

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Background:The impact of self-weighing on young adults attending college has not been fully clarified. The present study aimed to examine self-weighing behavior and associated gender differences in Japanese college students and investigate the relation between habitual daily self-weighing and physique, lifestyle factors and glycemic parameters. Methods:We retrospectively evaluated data from a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) that was performed during clinical training of medical students between 2010 and 2014. Information concerning physique (e.g. body weight and waist circumference) and a lifestylefocused questionnaire were completed before the OGTT. Participants comprised 441 fifth-grade university students (279 males and 162 females) from the Oita University Faculty of Medicine.Results: A total of 26.8% of participants were habitual self-weighers. Females were significantly more likely to engage in habitual selfweighing than males. There were no significant differences in glucose metabolism between individuals who regularly weighed themselves and those who did not in either gender. Factors related to the performance of daily self-weighing were not skipping breakfast in males and regular exercise in females. Conclusions:Although there was no meaningful relation between habitual self-weighing and glucose metabolism in this study, eating breakfast regularly and exercising regularly independently promoted self-weighing behavior in males and females, respectively. These findings suggest that these common practices may be helpful for col-lege students as a method to encourage habitual daily self-weighing, consequently providing a healthy environment in college life to prevent potential obesity-related diseases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relation Between Daily Self-Weighing and Physique, Lifestyle Factors, and Glycemic Parameters in Japanese College Students

et al. 2020

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“…To explore weight-related behaviors and their long-term health consequences in the general population, the twins were studied as individuals by adjusting correlated observations within twin pairs. Overall, weight-related ideals and behaviors appeared to have significant associations not only with weight change but also with physical and mental health in young adults over a period of 10 years (waves 4-5; Kärkkäinen et al, 2016Kärkkäinen et al, , 2018aKärkkäinen et al, , 2018b. Most young adults gained weight over 10 years.…”

Section: Weight-related Behaviorsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Most young adults gained weight over 10 years. Only about one out of every four young adults were able to successfully maintain his/her weight during this 10-year period (Kärkkäinen et al, 2018b).…”

Section: Weight-related Behaviorsmentioning

confidence: 98%

FinnTwin16: A Longitudinal Study from Age 16 of a Population-Based Finnish Twin Cohort

et al. 2019

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The purpose of this review is to provide a detailed and updated description of the FinnTwin16 (FT16) study and its future directions. The Finnish Twin Cohort comprises three different cohorts: the Older Twin Cohort established in the 1970s and the FinnTwin12 and FT16 initiated in the 1990s. FT16 was initiated in 1991 to identify the genetic and environmental precursors of alcoholism, but later the scope of the project expanded to studying the determinants of various health-related behaviors and diseases in different stages of life. The main areas addressed are alcohol use and its consequences, smoking, physical activity, overall physical health, eating behaviors and eating disorders, weight development, obesity, life satisfaction and personality. To date, five waves of data collection have been completed and the sixth is now planned. Data from the FT16 cohort have contributed to several hundred studies and many substudies, with more detailed phenotyping and collection of omics data completed or underway. FT16 has also contributed to many national and international collaborations.

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“…The negative consequences of overeating and substance use are diffuse and delayed in time and thus shift the weight in Equations (5) and (6) dramatically to the left. This may explain why these mental conditions are among the most difficult to treat, as the failure rates of dieting and relapse rates of substance abuse are notoriously high (Brandon and others 2007; Kärkkäinen and others 2018).…”

Section: Implications For Psychiatrymentioning

confidence: 99%

How Reward and Aversion Shape Motivation and Decision Making: A Computational Account

2019

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Processing rewarding and aversive signals lies at the core of many adaptive behaviors, including value-based decision making. The brain circuits processing these signals are widespread and include the prefrontal cortex, amygdala and striatum, and their dopaminergic innervation. In this review, we integrate historic findings on the behavioral and neural mechanisms of value-based decision making with recent, groundbreaking work in this area. On the basis of this integrated view, we discuss a neuroeconomic framework of value-based decision making, use this to explain the motivation to pursue rewards and how motivation relates to the costs and benefits associated with different courses of action. As such, we consider substance addiction and overeating as states of altered value-based decision making, in which the expectation of reward chronically outweighs the costs associated with substance use and food consumption, respectively. Together, this review aims to provide a concise and accessible overview of important literature on the neural mechanisms of behavioral adaptation to reward and aversion and how these mediate motivated behaviors.

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Successful weight maintainers among young adults—A ten-year prospective population study

Abstract: Only about a quarter of young adults were able to resist weight gain. Regular eating and having no history of dieting were associated with successful weight maintenance in young women and men.

Cited by 18 publications

References 49 publications

Relation Between Daily Self-Weighing and Physique, Lifestyle Factors, and Glycemic Parameters in Japanese College Students

Relation Between Daily Self-Weighing and Physique, Lifestyle Factors, and Glycemic Parameters in Japanese College Students

FinnTwin16: A Longitudinal Study from Age 16 of a Population-Based Finnish Twin Cohort

How Reward and Aversion Shape Motivation and Decision Making: A Computational Account

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