Successful treatment of red‐back spider bite using a Bier's block technique

Fatovich, Daniel M; Dunjey, Stephen J; Constantine, Catherine J; Hirsch, Ronald L.

doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1999.tb127803.x

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 4 publications

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“…While RBSAV has a very low acute reaction rate, half of the allergic reactions reported by Sutherland and Trinca (1980) following its use were attributed to administration of undiluted antivenom by the intravenous route [30,37]. Case studies have reported multiple ampoule use of RBSAV to treat severe envenomation without significant adverse reactions [37,38,50]. Isbister (2007) [29] reviewed the safety of appropriately given dilute IV RBSAV in a larger study of ninety-five patients including 13 children.…”

Section: Clinical Studies Of Antivenom Effectivenessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatments for Latrodectism—A Systematic Review on Their Clinical Effectiveness

Ryan

Buckley

Graudins

2017

Toxins

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Latrodectism or envenomation by widow-spiders is common and clinically significant worldwide. Alpha-latrotoxin is the mammalian-specific toxin in the venom that results in toxic effects observed in humans. Symptoms may be incapacitating and include severe pain that can persist for days. The management of mild to moderate latrodectism is primarily supportive while severe cases have variously been treated with intravenous calcium, muscle relaxants, widow-spider antivenom and analgesic opioids. The object of this systematic review is to examine the literature on the clinical effectiveness of past and current treatments for latrodectism. MEDLINE, EMBASE and Google Scholar were searched from 1946 to December 2016 to identify clinical studies on the treatment of latrodectism. Studies older than 40 years and not in English were not reviewed. There were only two full-publications and one abstract of placebo-controlled randomised trials on antivenom use for latrodectism. Another two randomised comparative trials compared the route of administration of antivenom for latrodectism. There were fourteen case series (including two abstracts), fourteen case reports and one letter investigating drug treatments for latrodectism with the majority of these also including antivenom for severe latrodectism. Antivenom with opioid analgesia is often the major treatment reported for latrodectism however; recent high quality evidence has cast doubt on the clinical effectiveness of this combination and suggests that other treatments need to be investigated.

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