Successful treatment of recurrent small cell carcinoma of urinary bladder with pembrolizumab

Hatayama, Takashi; Hayashi, Tetsutaro; Matsuzaki, Shinji; Masumoto, Hiroshi; Yanai, Hiroyuki; Abdi, Hamidreza; Teishima, Jun; Hasegawa, Yasuhisa

doi:10.1002/iju5.12208

“…Since the therapy is performed depending on the type of pathology, there is need to clearly define the pathology, even for patients who had relapsed, since collision tumor or other pathological tumor may be present. Treatments based on immune checkpoint inhibitors have achieved promising results in patients with SCC of urinary bladder [ 28 ]. It is a pity that this patient refused to stay on schedule for adjuvant chemotherapy or immunotherapy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathologic collision of urinary bladder urothelial carcinoma with small cell carcinoma: a case report

Jiang

¹

,

Chi

²

,

Guo

³

et al. 2023

Diagn Pathol

0

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Background Urothelial carcinoma is a major subtype of bladder cancer and small cell carcinoma (SCC) is a rare type of cancer in clinical practice. Pathologic collision of urinary bladder urothelial carcinoma with SCC is not common in clinical settings. Case presentation Here, we report a patient with high-grade papillary carcinoma which changed to collision tumor with SCC. The patient underwent radical cystectomy; however, neck and mediastinum lymph nodes metastases were detected 11 months after the operation. The lymph nodes were diagnosed pathologically as SCC. Chemoradiotherapy was subsequently prescribed. Unfortunately, this patient died of COVID-19 in early 2023. Discussion We hypothesized the mechanism underlying this pathological transformation. For patients with urothelial bladder cancer, pathological analysis should be conducted to allow standardized and persistent treatment. Moreover, drugs should be selected depending on the type of pathology, especially for patients who develop relapse, since collision tumor or other pathological tumors may be present. Conclusions We recommend that radical cystectomy be performed early enough for patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer, who are at a high risk of tumor recurrence. However, this conclusion needs to be validated in a larger number of patients.

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“… Compare the clinical efficacy of the two groups [ 13 ]. The efficacy is divided into complete remission (CR), partial remission (PR), stable (SD), and disease progression (PD).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Application Effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine Nursing on General Anesthesia Combined with Epidural Anesthesia and Electric Resection for the Treatment of Bladder Cancer and Its Influence on Tumor Markers

Wu

¹

,

Zhang

²

,

Liu

³

et al. 2022

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Objective. To explore the effects of traditional Chinese medicine nursing on general anesthesia combined with epidural anesthesia and electric resection to treat bladder cancer and its influence on tumor markers. Methods. A total of 160 patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer who underwent general anesthesia combined with epidural anesthesia and resection were included in this study. The patients were divided into control group (n = 80) and study group (n = 80) according to the random number table method. The control group received hydroxycamptothecin bladder perfusion therapy, and the study group received traditional Chinese medicine nursing combined with hydroxycamptothecin bladder perfusion therapy. The clinical efficacy, three-year cumulative survival rate, and postoperative recurrence rate of the two groups of patients were detected. The levels of tumor markers including vascular endothelial growth factor (VECF) and bladder tumor antigen (BTA) before and after treatment were also tested. The immune function, inflammatory factor levels, and quality of life of the two groups before and after treatment were evaluated. Results. The total effective rate of the study group (83.75%) was significantly higher than that of the control group (58.75%). After treatment, the serum VEGF and BTA levels, inflammatory factors interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels of the two groups of patients decreased, and the decrease in the study group was more significant than that in the control group P < 0.05 . After treatment, the levels of CD3+, CD4+, and CD4+/CD8+ in the two groups increased P < 0.05 , and the increase in the study group was more significant than that in the control group P < 0.05 . After treatment, the CD8+ levels of the two groups of patients decreased P < 0.05 , and the decrease in the study group was more significant than that in the control group P < 0.05 . After treatment, the quality-of-life scores in both groups increased P < 0.05 , and the increase in the study group was even more significant P < 0.05 . Conclusion. Traditional Chinese medicine nursing has significant clinical effects on the treatment of bladder cancer with general anesthesia combined with epidural anesthesia and electric resection. It can more effectively prevent the risk of recurrence of bladder cancer after surgery, significantly improve the quality of life, improve immune system function, regulate the levels of VECF and BTA, effectively reduce the level of serum inflammatory factors, inhibit tumor progression, and reduce tumor viability.

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“…PD-1 (programmed cell death protein 1) and PD-L1 (programmed death-ligand 1) inhibitors have also been tested in this disorder, and although they have generally not been successful, positive results have been described in case reports. Clinical trials with adequate evidence are ongoing [11,[30][31][32].…”

Section: Immune Checkpoint Inhibitorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Rare but Real Entity: Bladder Neuroendocrine Cancer

Pikó¹,

Bassam²,

Kis³

et al. 2023

Update on Bladder Cancer

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The neuoroendocrine cancer of the bladder is a rare tumour, and from this entity the well-differentiated tumours with favourable prognosis, the paraganglioma with unfavourable prognosis, small and large cell types of tumours should be emphasised. From the methods of the anticancer therapies’ operation can be eligible by itself in the first group but in the second group should form only the part of the multimodal treatment. Radiotherapy plays a role only in the treatment of the small and large cell tumours, and during the treatment of these tumours, the administration of the cytostatic drugs is also essential (mainly platina derivates). Somatostatin analogues, immune checkpoint inhibitors could be beneficial in special cases and some tumour agnostic treatment can be useful as well. Moreover, the palliative treatment should represent an important modality even in the early treatment period, but it should also be provided when no other treatment options are left.

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Successful treatment of recurrent small cell carcinoma of urinary bladder with pembrolizumab

Cited by 5 publications

References 20 publications

Pathologic collision of urinary bladder urothelial carcinoma with small cell carcinoma: a case report

Pathologic collision of urinary bladder urothelial carcinoma with small cell carcinoma: a case report

The Application Effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine Nursing on General Anesthesia Combined with Epidural Anesthesia and Electric Resection for the Treatment of Bladder Cancer and Its Influence on Tumor Markers

A Rare but Real Entity: Bladder Neuroendocrine Cancer

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