Successful treatment of extensive basidiobolomycosis with oral itraconazole in a child

Abstract

This case report highlights that in an older child even longstanding extensive basidiobolomycosis can be safely treated with itraconazole. Surgery is not usually necessary in these patients.

Colonic basidiobolomycosis with liver involvement masquerading as gastrointestinal lymphoma: a case report and literature review

“…The presence of an abdominal mass may be misdiagnosed as malignancy, especially Burkitt's lymphoma or as an inflammatory process such as appendicular mass, inflammatory bowel disease, or other infectious diseases including intestinal tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, and amebiasis 9 . Lack of awareness or facilities to diagnose such a rare disease contributes to missing an early diagnosis and an increased risk of morbidity.…”

“…An optimal treatment regimen for this uncommon fungal infection has not yet been established. The best choice of antifungal agent is not clear, but itraconazole has been used with success in many reports 9,11 . A study regarding the use of antifungal agents showed that itraconazole has been used most frequently for BM (73%), followed by amphotericin (22%), ketoconazole (8%), and voriconazole (5%); in addition, potassium iodide and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole may also have some clinical efficacy 12 .…”

Mucormycosis and Entomophthoramycosis (Zygomycosis)

“…Trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole has fewer side effects than SSKI; however, it must be administered at high doses for a longer period of time [179,180]. Fluconazole [181] and itraconazole [182] have been used successfully to treat entomophthoramycosis, but there has been more experience with ketoconazole [152,162,179]. Anecdotally, months of continuous treatment with ketoconazole or multiple courses of shorter-course therapy are required for resolution of the infection [152,179].…”

Elephantine but not Elephantiasis: Subcutaneous zygomycosis

“…Cytological examination was suggestive of chronic granulomatous lesion. Hematoxylin and Eosin staining of the biopsy specimen revealed aseptate hyphae surrounded by eosinophilic material within the granulomatous tissue (Splendore Hoeppli phenomenon) suggesting a diagnosis of Subcutaneous zygomycosis [2,3]. Cultures were grown on Sabouraud's dextrose agar at 37°C .…”