Successful treatment of C. auris shunt infection with intraventricular caspofungin

Singhal, Tanu; Kumar, Abhaya; Borade, Prashant S.; Shah, Sweta; Soman, Rajeev

doi:10.1016/j.mmcr.2018.08.005

Cited by 22 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…C. auris has been identified and reported as a cause of vulvovaginitis (from vaginal sample) and pericarditis (from last stage liver disease patient) and both these cases were reported from India . In another recent study from India, C. auris nosocomial cerebrospinal fluid shunt infection was reported in a 58‐year‐old patient . First donor‐derived C. auris infection in a lung transplant recipient was also reported in USA in 2017 .…”

Section: Identificationmentioning

confidence: 97%

Candida auris—the growing menace to global health

Lone

Ahmad

2019

Mycoses

170

119

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summary A paradigm shift of candidiasis from Candida albicans to non‐albicans Candida species has fundamentally increased with the advent of C. auris. C. auris, despite being a newly emerged multidrug‐resistant fungal pathogen, is associated with severe invasive infections and outbreaks with high mortality rates. Initially reported from Japan in 2009, C. auris have now been found in different countries on all the continents except Antarctica. Due to its capability of nosocomial transmission and forming adherent biofilms on clinically important substrates, a high number of related hospital outbreaks have been reported worldwide. As C. auris is a multidrug‐resistant pathogen and is prone to misidentification by available conventional methods, it becomes difficult to detect and manage C. auris infection and also limits the therapeutic options against this deadly pathogen. The emergence of multidrug‐resistant C. auris advocates and amplifies the vigilance of early diagnosis and appropriate treatment of fungal infections. In this review, we discussed the nine‐year‐old history of C. auris—its trends in global emergence, epidemiological relatedness, isolation, mortality, associated risk factors, virulence factors, drug resistance and susceptibility testing, diagnostic challenges, microbiological characteristics, therapeutic options and infection prevention and control associated with this pathogen.

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Section: Identificationmentioning

confidence: 97%

Candida auris—the growing menace to global health

Lone

Ahmad

2019

Mycoses

170

119

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“…As synergistic interactions have a better efficacy, a combination therapy of an echinocandin and liposomal amphotericin B is prescribed in cases of unresponsiveness to echinocandins. [41][42][43] However, most recently in US, three cases of pan-resistant C. auris with resistance to all three classes of commonly prescribed antifungal drugs have been reported. 39 In the same report, it was mentioned that a total of 801 patients with C. auris were identified in New York as of June 28, 2019.…”

Section: Misidentification By Conventional Diagnostic Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p><em>Candida auris</em>: From Multidrug Resistance to Pan-Resistant Strains</p>

Ademe¹,

Girma²

2020

IDR

102

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Candida auris is an emerging multidrug-resistant fungus that is rapidly spreading worldwide. Currently, C. auris cases have been reported globally from >30 countries. Most reported infections involve critically ill patients in hospitals, mainly in intensive care unit settings. Infection with C. auris is associated with high mortality rates, and it is often resistant to multiple classes of antifungal drugs. Despite the rapid global spread, it is difficult to predict the actual burden of the infection as the standard laboratory methods fail to correctly identify the fungi. Longer stays in healthcare facilities, use of tracheostomies and percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tubes, ventilators in clinical care units and mobile equipment in healthcare settings are shown as major risk factors of C. auris infection. Due to its propensity to cause outbreaks and its antifungal resistance, C. auris poses a risk for patients in healthcare facilities. The emergence of pan-resistant C. auris strains in some areas is an alarming signal for the disease with limited treatment options, high mortality rates, and the ability of the pathogen to spread easily in healthcare settings. In this regard, susceptibility testing on clinical isolates, mainly for patients treated with echinocandins, is needed. Increasing awareness about C. auris infection and advancing the diagnostic methods are also essential for early detection and control of the deadly fungal infection.

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“…25 Conversely, a systematic review of over 700 global cases from 2012 to 2017 demonstrated the majority of isolates were obtained from blood cultures, central line tip cultures or deep tissue samples, whilst urine isolates were less frequent. 12 Pericarditis, 26 central nervous system (CNS) shunt infection 27 and donor-derived infection after lung transplantation have also been described. 28 Colonisation of skin and mucosal surfaces often occurs in outbreaks.…”

Section: Clinical Syndromesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis, management and prevention of Candida auris in hospitals: position statement of the Australasian Society for Infectious Diseases

Ong

Chen

Clark

et al. 2019

Internal Medicine Journal

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Candida auris is an emerging drug‐resistant yeast responsible for hospital outbreaks. This statement reviews the evidence regarding diagnosis, treatment and prevention of this organism and provides consensus recommendations for clinicians and microbiologists in Australia and New Zealand. C. auris has been isolated in over 30 countries (including Australia). Bloodstream infections are the most frequently reported infections. Infections have crude mortality of 30–60%. Acquisition is generally healthcare‐associated and risks include underlying chronic disease, immunocompromise and presence of indwelling medical devices. C. auris may be misidentified by conventional phenotypic methods. Matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionisation time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry or sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer regions and/or the D1/D2 regions of the 28S ribosomal DNA are therefore required for definitive laboratory identification. Antifungal drug resistance, particularly to fluconazole, is common, with variable resistance to amphotericin B and echinocandins. Echinocandins are currently recommended as first‐line therapy for infection in adults and children ≥2 months of age. For neonates and infants <2 months of age, amphotericin B deoxycholate is recommended. Healthcare facilities with C. auris should implement a multimodal control response. Colonised or infected patients should be isolated in single rooms with Standard and Contact Precautions. Close contacts, patients transferred from facilities with endemic C. auris or admitted following stay in overseas healthcare institutions should be pre‐emptively isolated and screened for colonisation. Composite swabs of the axilla and groin should be collected. Routine screening of healthcare workers and the environment is not recommended. Detergents and sporicidal disinfectants should be used for environmental decontamination.

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Successful treatment of C. auris shunt infection with intraventricular caspofungin

Cited by 22 publications

References 15 publications

Candida auris—the growing menace to global health

Candida auris—the growing menace to global health

<p><em>Candida auris</em>: From Multidrug Resistance to Pan-Resistant Strains</p>

Diagnosis, management and prevention of Candida auris in hospitals: position statement of the Australasian Society for Infectious Diseases

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