Successful rearing of whiteleg shrimpLitopenaeus vannameilarvae fed a desiccation-tolerant nematode to replaceArtemia

Abstract

The nematode Panagrolaimus sp. was tested as live feed to replace Artemia nauplii during first larval stages of whiteleg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. In Trial 1, shrimp larvae were fed one of four diets from Zoea 2 to Postlarva 1 (PL1): (A) Artemia nauplii, control treatment; (NC) nematodes enriched in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) provided by the dinoflagellate Crypthecodinium cohnii; (N) non-enriched nematodes; and (Algae) a mixture of microalgae supplemented in C. cohnii cells. In Trial 2, shrimp were fed (A), (NC) and a different treatment (NS) with nematodes enriched in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) provided by the commercial product S.presso ® , until Postlarva 6 (PL6). Mysis 1 larvae fed nematodes of the three dietary treatments were 300 μm longer (3.2 ± 0.3 mm) than control larvae. At PL1, control shrimp were 300 μm longer (4.5 ± 0.3 mm) than those fed DHA-enriched or PUFAs-enriched nematodes. No differences were observed in length and survival at PL6 between control larvae and those fed DHA-enriched nematodes (5.1 ± 0.5 mm; 33.1%-44.4%). Shrimp fed microalgae showed a delay in development at PL1. This work is the first demonstration of Panagrolaimus sp. suitability as a complete substitute for Artemia in rearing shrimp from Zoea 2 to PL6. K E Y W O R D S Crypthecodinium cohnii, docosahexaenoic acid enrichment, Litopenaeus vannamei, nematode, Panagrolaimus sp., shrimp feeding How to cite this article: Seychelles LH, Happe S, Palacios E, et al. Successful rearing of whiteleg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei larvae fed a desiccation-tolerant nematode to replace Artemia. Aquacult Nutr. 2018;24:903-910. https://doi.

Zootechnical performance, biochemical composition and gene expression of digestive enzymes in Litopenaeus vannamei post‐larvae fed the nematode Panagrolaimus sp. ( NFS 24–5)

“…Nematodes and Artemia do not have the same sizes or the same fatty acid pattern, and even less the same ability to be enriched in DHA. The rearing method was adapted to take advantage of the intrinsic properties of the nematode Panagrolaimus sp., which can be reliably enriched in DHA at constant level and delivered to shrimp readily at zoea 2 with good assimilation and digestion, as indicated by longer mysis 1 larvae previously observed in Seychelles et al (2018).…”

“…The rearing method was adapted to take advantage of the intrinsic properties of the nematode Panagrolaimus sp., which can be reliably enriched in DHA at constant level and delivered to shrimp readily at zoea 2 with good assimilation and digestion, as indicated by longer mysis 1 larvae previously observed in Seychelles et al (2018). 1,200 μm] + 25% Artemia (75LN).…”

“…Recently, Artemia has been successfully replaced by the nematode Panagrolaimus sp. (strain NFS 24-5) during the first days of larval and post-larval rearing of the whiteleg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (Seychelles et al, 2017(Seychelles et al, , 2018. Panagrolaimus sp.…”

“…Panagrolaimus sp. has the advantage of being tolerant to dehydration and can be stored for 10 months at 4°C, before being rehydrated 30-60 min prior to larval feeding (Seychelles et al, 2018). This nematode is produced in pathogen-free conditions with low-cost and sustainable readily available land-based raw materials, and its bromatological composition is close to that of Artemia with a slightly lower protein concentration.…”

“…Panagrolaimus sp. can be enriched in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n‐3) prior to dehydration (Honnens et al, 2013) using the dinoflagellate Crypthecodinium cohnii or commercial products containing this missing HUFA (Seychelles et al, 2017, 2018). In contrast, Artemia retroconverts DHA to EPA (Navarro et al, 1999), which causes difficulty in controlling the level of these two HUFA.…”