Successful low dose insemination of flow cytometrically sorted Sika (Cervus nippon) sperm in Wapiti (Cervus elaphus)

Minimum Number of Sex-Sorted Frozen Sperm per dose in Sahiwal (Bos indicus) Cattle

“…Significant lower pregnancy rates in overall sorted sperm compared to unsorted sperm recorded in the current study is in agreement with previous studies in other breeds of cattle (Schenk et al, 2009;De-Jarnette et al, 2010;Gao et al, 2010;Gaviraghi et al, 2013;Abdalla et al, 2014). Many authors reported that conception rate for sexed semen is affected negatively by sexing technology (Norman et al, 2010).…”

“…In the literature contrasting results have been found where no significant differences are observed between sexed and unsexed semen (Duarte et al, 2007;Lu et al, 2010). Results from this study suggests that semen that have undergone both sorting and cryopreservation causing un-compensable damage to sorted sperm might have lower pregnancy rates than the semen that is unsorted and frozen (Saacke et al, 2000;Gao et al, 2010).…”

“…In contrast, non-significant difference is also reported between the pregnancy rates of 1.5 million and 4.5 million doses of sexed spermatozoa (Seidel and Garner, 2002). Many authors concluded that lower pregnancy rate in sex-sorted frozen semen is due to low dose insemination (Gao et al, 2010). The present study also postulated that there was an advantage in increasing the sperm concentration from 1.5 million to 4.5 million sexed sperm.…”

Effect of sex-sorting and cryopreservation on the post-thaw sperm quality of Iberian red deer spermatozoa

“…In deer, few studies have addressed sex-sorting of sperm despite an increased interest by the industry. When Sika deer sperm were sorted prior to insemination of Wapiti hinds, calving rates were close to half of those obtained with non-sorted sperm from the same proven stags [15]. In that study, however, sperm characteristics were not assessed and the reasons for the low fertility were unknown.…”

“…While the commercialization of sexed semen is already a reality for some species such as cattle or horses, this technology is still not well developed for deer. The only study performed in this species showed a low fertility of sex-sorted sperm when compared to non-sexed sperm [15]. However, that study did not address whether low pregnancy rates with sex-sorted sperm were due to the lower sperm numbers used for insemination or to the damage to sperm resulting from the sex-sorting procedure [15].…”