Successful Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) Program Model of a Developing Country (Xiamen, China) – Implementation in Bangladesh Perspective

Abstract

This paper represents the overall current situation of two Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) programs-one is as a successful model like Xiamen ICZM program in China and another is as a developing project like ICZM program in Bangladesh. The paper begins with an attempt to track the evolution of policies and their implementation on coastal zone management with particular reference from both the countries. It then discusses the coastal management and livelihood issues that predicate the different socio-economic and environmental situation between the two countries. The paper then goes on to discussion how the institutional management and policy initiatives of Xiamen ICZM have dealt with in the perspective of Bangladesh. There is a brief consideration of the progress of the management for ICZM of Bangladesh and how this project might be more effective and beneficial for Bangladesh.

An International Assessment of Mangrove Management: Incorporation in Integrated Coastal Zone Management

“…As a result, economic returns are low, and coastal habitats have received extensive damage. These conditions remain persistent throughout the Bangladesh Sundarbans [68].…”

“…These afforestation proceedings were initiated in the 1960s to maintain the mangal as a greenbelt in order to protect properties and communities along the coastal zone from the storm surge of giant cyclones [12,13]. An area prone to natural disasters, Bangladesh directly relies on mangrove forests to maintain the stability of its coastal communities [68].…”

“…The most politically powerful and wealthy control the outcome of government regimes as well as the most productive coastal businesses (i.e., aquaculture corporations). These affluent individuals are able to seize coastal land from the indigenous due to their "political protection," power, and wealth [68]. As a result, economic returns are low, and coastal habitats have received extensive damage.…”

Global Sustainability

“…While major environmental problems are centered on a few aspects, in detail their range is almost unlimited. For example, the key environmental issues that the Ministry of Environment and Forest (MoEF) identified are (i) topsoil degradation, (ii) surface and groundwater contamination and toxicity, (iii) urban air pollution, (iv) coastal biodiversity loss, and (v) deforestation (MoEF 2005;Islam et al 2009). …”

Importance and Vulnerability Analyses for Functional Zoning in a Coastal District of Turkey

“…The Indian Ocean Commission (IOC) runs a program named as Regional Coastal Management Programme (ReCoMaP) among the beneficiary countries (RECOMAP, 2009). A paper by Islam et al (2009) on the other hand refers to implementing a management program model used in a developing country to another country as a benefit transfer.…”