The sustained increase in global demand for cleaner fuels continues to drive the gas industry growth. Liquefied natural gas (LNG) has been a key enabler for this growth by making sizeable remote gas re-serves, which are unreachable by pipeline, accessible to the major and emerging gas markets. Every segment of the LNG supply chain has its own set of technical challenges. On the upstream side, many gas resources require significant pre-treatment before liquefaction, and the feed gas to the LNG facility is typically a mixture of various compositions from multiple sources; this composition mix evolves over the life of the project. The main challenge is development planning for the contributing reservoirs under the constraints imposed by the processing facility– managing reservoir deliverability, scheduling & sequencing of wells, and downtime management while maintaining the inlet stream specification. To aid with long-term planning for such assets, a virtual field management system is needed that can emulate a real-world hydrocarbon producing asset by capturing all operational constraints, resource lim-its, and complex operating logic.
This paper describes a comprehensive field management framework that can create an integrated vir-tual asset by coupling reservoir, wells, network, and facilities models and provides an advisory system for efficient asset management. The field management component can replicate any operational logic, exercises holistic control over the sub-surface model, integrates with the surface network model, and provides optimization capabilities. This paper demonstrates this for a complex LNG asset that is fed by sour gas of different compositions from multiple reservoirs.
We describe the different levels of constraints the asset needs to operate under, including treatment plant capacity, the LNG production capacity, the contractual LNG specifications, the disposal of gas impurities and imposes them on the model by utilizing a flexible and extensible logic framework. Con-straints applied at different levels can be mutually competing and their combination with recovery opti-mization goals increases complexity. The unified field management system uses a robust scheme to bal-ance the coupled system under these constraints while optimizing overall recovery. The optimization is enabled through the ability provided by the field management system to query and retroactively control flow entities during the simulation at the desired frequency.
Customization through scripting was necessary to implement this advanced logic and was enabled by the extensible nature of the field management framework. This extensibility, along with native capabili-ties, ensures that any level of complexity can be captured, and the workflow described in this paper can be applied to any hydrocarbon producing asset for short-term and long-term development planning.