Successful immunization of infants at 6 months of age with high dose Edmonston-Zagreb measles vaccine

Job, Jayakaran S.; Halsey, Neal A.; Boulos, Reginald; Holt, Elizabeth; Farrell, Dorothy; Albrecht, Paul; Brutus, Jean Robert; Adrien, M. L.; André, Jean‐Baptiste; Chan, Edward Wai Chi; Kissinger, Patricia; Boulos, Carlo

doi:10.1097/00006454-199104000-00008

Cited by 43 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This finding was further supported by several studies that documented the boosting effect of measles exposure. [6,8,9] However, many other researchers argued that apart from the most obvious factor, infant age, very few factors were identified that had significant impact on the levels of MMA across different ages in infancy. [14] It is likely that other possible determinants of MMA might contribute to MMA at birth rather than at different ages in infancy.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[7] Highdose measles vaccination in early infancy was explored in the past as a strategy to overcome MMA, and enable successful immunization of infants during this period. [8] However, excess mortality of female infants that was attributed to changing measles immunization time led to abandonment of this approach. [9] In view of the above, this study was undertaken to predict changing epidemiology of measles in Maiduguri, Borno state, Nigeria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Predicting changing measles epidemiology in an urban West African population

Ahmadu¹,

Mava²,

Ambe³

et al. 2013

Ann Trop Med Public Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Measles remains a major cause of childhood morbidity and mortality. Control of measles is complicated by pattern of measles transmission in which children are infected after they lose their protection from maternal measles antibodies (MMAs). As such, infants become measles prone before the age of measles immunization. This study, therefore, aimed at predicting changing epidemiology of measles in children in Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: One hundred and thirty six infants at the age of seven months were enrolled in this study using the stratified random sampling method, and were tested for MMAs using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Sixty nine (50.7%) of the infants were males and 67 (49.3%) females, giving an approximate male to female ratio of 1.03:1. Comparing mean MMA levels of infants, for those who were protective and those who were unprotective was significant (P<0.0001). Most of the infants (125, 91.9%) had unprotective MMAs at seven months of age. Conclusion: Majority of infants in this study had unprotective MMAs at seven months of age and are more susceptible to measles. There is the need to monitor similar trend of events in other parts of Nigeria and abroad in order to report changing ecology of measles.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting changing measles epidemiology in an urban West African population

Ahmadu¹,

Mava²,

Ambe³

et al. 2013

Ann Trop Med Public Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Young age affects the quality and quantity of infant Ab responses, but has less of an effect on T cell responses (48,49,103,143). Increasing the dose of vaccine *100-fold (from 10 3 to 10 5 pfu) improved the Ab responses in young infants, but resulted in an unexpected increase in mortality for girls (50,58,61,69), so this WHO recommendation was withdrawn. With time, MeV-specific Abs and CD4 + T cells induced by vaccine decrease (22,24,71,108), and secondary vaccine failure rates are estimated to be *5% 10-15 years after immunization (2,89).…”

Section: Vaccine-induced Protective Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Measles Vaccine

Griffin

2018

Viral Immunology

100

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Measles remains an important cause of child morbidity and mortality worldwide despite the availability of a safe and efficacious vaccine. The current measles virus (MeV) vaccine was developed empirically by attenuation of wild-type (WT) MeV by in vitro passage in human and chicken cells and licensed in 1963. Additional passages led to further attenuation and the successful vaccine strains in widespread use today. Attenuation is associated with decreased replication in lymphoid tissue, but the molecular basis for this restriction has not been identified. The immune response is age dependent, inhibited by maternal antibody (Ab) and involves induction of both Ab and T cell responses that resemble the responses to WT MeV infection, but are lower in magnitude. Protective immunity is correlated with levels of neutralizing Ab, but the actual immunologic determinants of protection are not known. Because measles is highly transmissible, control requires high levels of population immunity. Delivery of the two doses of vaccine needed to achieve >90% immunity is accomplished by routine immunization of infants at 9-15 months of age followed by a second dose delivered before school entry or by periodic mass vaccination campaigns. Because delivery by injection creates hurdles to sustained high coverage, there are efforts to deliver MeV vaccine by inhalation. In addition, the safety record for the vaccine combined with advances in reverse genetics for negative strand viruses has expanded proposed uses for recombinant versions of measles vaccine as vectors for immunization against other infections and as oncolytic agents for a variety of tumors.

show abstract

“…The study was aimed at demonstrating that higher titer vaccines could effectively immunize infants as young as six months of age. The immunogenicity indicated much higher antibody responses among high titer recipients, as has been anticipated, and among recipients of the Edmonston-Zagreb vaccine strain, as compared to the Schwarz strain (Job et al, 1991). Reanalysis of the data indicated higher than expected mortality among two to three years postvaccination among higher titer vaccine recipients with most of excess mortality among girls.…”

Section: Numerical Illustrationmentioning

confidence: 70%

Asymmetric regression models with limited responses with an application to antibody response to vaccine

2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We develop regression models for limited and censored data based on the mixture between the log-power-normal and Bernoulli-type distributions. A likelihood-based approach is implemented for parameter estimation and a small-scale simulation study is conducted to evaluate parameter recovery, with emphasis on bias estimation. The main conclusion is that the approach is very much satisfactory for moderate and large sample sizes. A real data example, the safety and immunogenecity study of measles vaccine in Haiti, is presented to illustrate how different models can be used to fit this type of data. As shown, the asymmetric models considered seem to present the best fit for the data set under study, revealing significance of the explanatory variable sex, which is not found significant with the log-normal model.

show abstract

Successful immunization of infants at 6 months of age with high dose Edmonston-Zagreb measles vaccine

Cited by 43 publications

References 0 publications

Predicting changing measles epidemiology in an urban West African population

Predicting changing measles epidemiology in an urban West African population

Measles Vaccine

Asymmetric regression models with limited responses with an application to antibody response to vaccine

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About