Successful Field Pilot of In-Depth Colloidal Dispersion Gel (CDG) Technology in Daqing Oil Field

Chang, Harry L.; Sui, Xingguang; Long, Xiao; Liu, Heng; Guo, Zhidong; Yao, Yuming; Xiao, Yuguo; Chen, Gang; Song, Kaoping; Mack, James C.

doi:10.2118/89460-ms

Cited by 23 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…"Colloidal dispersion gels" (HPAM crosslinked with aluminum citrate) were field tested at Daqing. 116 Claims were made for the success of these treatments at Daqing and elsewhere. [116][117][118][119] However, before committing to a more widespread application, the science and engineering of the "CDG" process should be carefully examined.…”

Section: Are Gel Treatments Needed?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…17 In contrast to normal gel behavior, the aluminum-citrate-HPAM gels (after gel formation) were speculated to propagate through porous rock like viscous polymer solutions. [116][117][118][119] These gels were purported to act like mobility-control agents. If true, this mechanism would be radically different from that for other gels, which act exclusively as permeability-reduction agents.…”

Section: Are Gel Treatments Needed?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[116][117][118]154 Specifically, they suggested that these CDG formulations penetrate deep into porous matrix reservoir rock and subsequently provide higher resistance factors (effective viscosities in porous media) and residual resistance factors (permeability reduction factors) than comparable HPAM polymer solutions without crosslinker. Because Chang's paper was published in the "SPE Distinguished Author Series," the Society of Petroleum Engineers may be perceived as endorsing colloidal dispersion gels as an accepted, state-of-the-art, better-than-polymer-flooding technology.…”

Section: Are Colloidal Dispersion Gels Reallymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To CDG customers, the most influential claim made by those who advocate use of colloidal dispersion gels is that "successful" field applications demonstrate their utility. [116][117][118]154 The CDG vendor suggested that a discrepancy exists between laboratory and field results-and that field results justify their untenable explanations. However, Darcy's Law, principles of polymer flooding, and the behavior of gelants and gels in porous media are very well established.…”

Section: 17mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…116 and additional unpublished data associated with the project indicates no significant difference between the "CDG" flood and the normal polymer flood. Injectivity behavior was not significantly different for the two cases.…”

mentioning

confidence: 92%

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Aperture-Tolerant, Chemical-Based Methods to Reduce Channeling

Seright¹

2007

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DEDICATIONThis report is dedicated to Dr. Jerry Casteel, who recently retired after many years of government service. During his time with the DOE's National Petroleum Technology Office, Jerry consistently played an extremely constructive part in overseeing our research. While our government is often criticized for wasteful spending and flighty funding of ill-considered projects, Jerry was a great role model, illustrating the very best of our public servants. Being highly competent (both technically and managerially), he provided a voice of moderation and charted a steady long-term course for solving some of the nation's most difficult energy problems. We will miss his insights, his vision, his dedication to advancing petroleum engineering, and his friendship.iii ABSTRACT This final technical progress report describes work performed from October 1, 2004, through May 16, 2007, for the project, "Aperture-Tolerant, Chemical-Based Methods to Reduce Channeling."We explored the potential of pore-filling gels for reducing excess water production from both fractured and unfractured production wells. Several gel formulations were identified that met the requirements-i.e., providing water residual resistance factors greater than 2,000 and ultimate oil residual resistance factors (F rro ) of 2 or less. Significant oil throughput was required to achieve low F rro values, suggesting that gelant penetration into porous rock must be small (a few feet or less) for existing pore-filling gels to provide effective disproportionate permeability reduction. Compared with adsorbed polymers and weak gels, strong pore-filling gels can provide greater reliability and behavior that is insensitive to the initial rock permeability.Guidance is provided on where relative-permeabiliy-modification/disproportionate-permeabilityreduction treatments can be successfully applied for use in either oil or gas production wells. When properly designed and executed, these treatments can be successfully applied to a limited range of oilfield excessive-water-production problems.We examined whether gel rheology can explain behavior during extrusion through fractures. The rheology behavior of the gels tested showed a strong parallel to the results obtained from previous gel extrusion experiments. However, for a given aperture (fracture width or plate-plate separation), the pressure gradients measured during the gel extrusion experiments were much higher than anticipated from rheology measurements. Extensive experiments established that wall slip and first normal stress difference were not responsible for the pressure gradient discrepancy. To explain the discrepancy, we noted that the aperture for gel flow (for mobile gel wormholing through concentrated immobile gel within the fracture) was much narrower than the width of the fracture.The potential of various approaches were investigated for improving sweep in parts of the Daqing Oil Field that have been EOR targets. Possibilities included (1) gel treatments that are directed at channeling through fractures,...

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Section: Are Gel Treatments Needed?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Are Gel Treatments Needed?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Are Colloidal Dispersion Gels Reallymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: 17mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 92%

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Aperture-Tolerant, Chemical-Based Methods to Reduce Channeling

Seright¹

2007

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Chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery Methods

2019

Essentials of Polymer Flooding Technique

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Preparation, swelling properties, and displacement performance of functional amphiphilic microspheres

Zhang

Dong

Huang

et al. 2014

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Because polymers containing benzyl chloromethyl groups are easily modified for functional production, the dispersion polymerization of acrylamide, 4-vinylbenzyl chloride, and N,N-methylene bisacrylamide in dimethylformamide initiated with a,a-azobisisobutyronitrile was carried out to produce amphiphilic microspheres containing benzyl chloromethyl groups. The structure of the amphiphilic microspheres was determined by IR and 1 H-NMR spectroscopy. The polymerization conditions, the temperature, amount of crosslinking agent, and initiator included, were optimized. The size distribution of the microspheres after swelling equilibrium ranged from 4 to 62 lm. The swelling behavior of the microspheres was also investigated. The increase in temperature and the decrease in salinity caused a gradual increase in the swelling ratio. The prepared microspheres were transported uniformly in porous media when the permeability was 0.436 lm 2 . The oil displacement experiments indicated that amphiphilic microspheres had the ability to enhance oil recovery under homogeneous and heterogeneous conditions but was more suitable for heterogeneous formation.

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Successful Field Pilot of In-Depth Colloidal Dispersion Gel (CDG) Technology in Daqing Oil Field

Abstract: TX 75083-3836, U.S.A., fax 01-972-952-9435. AbstractBased on encouraging results from laboratory studies described in SPE 62610 (

Cited by 23 publications

References 4 publications

Aperture-Tolerant, Chemical-Based Methods to Reduce Channeling

Aperture-Tolerant, Chemical-Based Methods to Reduce Channeling

Chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery Methods

Preparation, swelling properties, and displacement performance of functional amphiphilic microspheres

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