Successful establishment of epiphytotics of Puccinia punctiformis for biological control of Cirsium arvense

Berner, D. K.; Smallwood, Emily; Cavin, Christophe; Lagopodi, Anastasia L.; Kashefi, J.; Kolomiets, T. M.; Pankratova, Lyubov; Mukhina, Zhanna; Cripps, Michael G.; Bourdôt, G. W.

doi:10.1016/j.biocontrol.2013.09.010

Cited by 13 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In addition, the rapid increase in aerial shoot density over the autumn in the model (“autumn flush”) is a phenomenon observed in the field (Berner et al. ; Cripps et al. ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…)), resides in the overwintering C. arvense root system and kills young emerging shoots resulting in population declines (Berner et al. ). In New Zealand, autumn inoculation of C. arvense rosettes with the teliospores of the fungus resulted in a higher incidence of systemic disease compared to ambient disease in control plots (Cripps et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both the aerial shoot and creeping root trajectories are realistic, corresponding to values that have been observed on medium to highly infested sheep and beef farms (Cripps et al 2010). In addition, the rapid increase in aerial shoot density over the autumn in the model ("autumn flush") is a phenomenon observed in the field (Berner et al 2013;Cripps et al 2014).…”

Section: Model Validationmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In the future, we intend to generalize our model to extend and further validate the research of Forsyth by evaluating the effects of a range of contemporary biological controls (and mowing) applied both individually and in combination (possibly with synergistic effects). For example, the rust fungus, Puccinia punctiformis (naturally present at low frequency in most C. arvense populations (Cripps et al 2009)), resides in the overwintering C. arvense root system and kills young emerging shoots resulting in population declines (Berner et al 2013). In New Zealand, autumn inoculation of C. arvense rosettes with the teliospores of the fungus resulted in a higher incidence of systemic disease compared to ambient disease in control plots (Cripps et al 2014).…”

Section: Future Work: Biological Controlsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mowing strategies for controlling Cirsium arvense in a permanent pasture in New Zealand compared using a matrix model

Bourdôt

Basse

Cripps

2016

Ecology and Evolution

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Defoliation has frequently been proposed as a means of controlling Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop. (Californian thistle, Canada thistle, creeping thistle, perennial thistle), an economically damaging pastoral weed in temperate regions of the world, but its optimization has remained obscure. We developed a matrix model for the population dynamics of C. arvense in sheep‐grazed pasture in New Zealand that accounts for the effects of aerial shoot defoliation on a population's photosynthetic opportunity and consequential overwintered root biomass, enabling mowing regimes varying in the seasonal timing and frequency of defoliation to be compared. The model showed that the long‐term population dynamics of the weed is influenced by both the timing and frequency of mowing; a single‐yearly mowing, regardless of time of year, resulted in stasis or population growth, while in contrast, 14 of 21 possible twice‐yearly monthly mowing regimes, mainly those with mowing in late spring, summer, and early autumn, resulted in population decline. Population decline was greatest (with population density halving each year) with twice‐yearly mowing either in late spring and late summer, early summer and late summer, or early summer and early autumn. Our results indicate that mowing can be effective in reducing populations of C. arvense in pasture in the long term if conducted twice each year when the initial mowing is conducted in mid spring followed by a subsequent mowing from mid summer to early autumn. These mowing regimes reduce the photosynthetic opportunity of the C. arvense population and hence its ability to form the overwintering creeping roots upon which population growth depends.

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“…In addition, the rapid increase in aerial shoot density over the autumn in the model (“autumn flush”) is a phenomenon observed in the field (Berner et al. ; Cripps et al. ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Model Validationmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Future Work: Biological Controlsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Mowing strategies for controlling Cirsium arvense in a permanent pasture in New Zealand compared using a matrix model

Bourdôt

Basse

Cripps

2016

Ecology and Evolution

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“…Therefore, P. punctiformis is a potential biological control agent and can systemically infect C. arvense. Puccinia punctiformis overwinters in the roots of its host but it is not completely understood whether the fungus directly kills them (Berner et al 2013). In spring, some shoots emerge that are systemically infected, which results in the pathogen killing the shoots.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of <i>Puccinia punctiformis </i>in above-ground tissue of <i>Cirsium arvense </i>(Californian thistle)

Henderson¹,

Cripps²,

Casonato³

2019

NZPP

Self Cite

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Cirsium arvense (Californian thistle) is a problematic weed in agricultural systems throughout New Zealand and the rust fungus Puccinia punctiformis is a potential biological control agent for this weed. Puccinia punctiformis can systemically infect thistles but the movement of the pathogen in planta is not fully understood. This research determined the level of infection in planta caused by P. punctiformis at a single time point. The concentration of P. punctiformis DNA in planta was determined to ascertain the location of the fungus within naturally field-infected C. arvense. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction was undertaken on above-ground symptomatic and asymptomatic C. arvense tissue at various locations within leaves (top, middle and bottom) and the main stem. All C. arvense shoots had detectable amounts of P. punctiformis but the concentration was 100× greater in symptomatic compared with asymptomatic shoots. In general, the concentration of fungus progressed up the leaves with a significant effect between locations (P<0.001). Puccinia punctiformis was found in planta but broadscale disease of C. arvense does not occur and the reason for this is unknown.

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Californian thistle (Cirsium arvense): endophytes and Puccinia punctiformis

Kentjens

Casonato

Kaiser

2023

Pest Management Science

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Californian thistle (Cirisum arvense) is a troublesome weed in pastures and cropping systems. The fungal biocontrol agent Puccinia punctiformis, commonly referred to as thistle rust, performs inconsistently on C. arvense. Problems with P. punctiformis establishment and control of C. arvense may be attributable to differing plant endophytic populations in various environments. This article provides an overview of the relationships between endophytes and their host, but also between endophytes and pathogens with a focus on rust pathogens. This review provides insights into reasons why P. punctiformis performs inconsistently and identifies gaps in our knowledge. Filling these gaps may help to improve performance of this classical fungal biocontrol agent. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

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Successful establishment of epiphytotics of Puccinia punctiformis for biological control of Cirsium arvense

Cited by 13 publications

References 26 publications

Mowing strategies for controlling Cirsium arvense in a permanent pasture in New Zealand compared using a matrix model

Mowing strategies for controlling Cirsium arvense in a permanent pasture in New Zealand compared using a matrix model

Distribution of <i>Puccinia punctiformis </i>in above-ground tissue of <i>Cirsium arvense </i>(Californian thistle)

Californian thistle (Cirsium arvense): endophytes and Puccinia punctiformis

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