Successful control of nosocomial transmission of the USA300 clone of community-acquired meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a UK paediatric burns centre

Prevalence of Multidrug-Resistant Organisms in Hospitalized Pediatric Refugees in an University Children’s Hospital in Germany 2015–2016

“…13 Still, data are conflicting regarding whether MRSA screening effectively can prevent or stop outbreaks or hinder further spread of this pathogen. [14][15][16] Two recent publications have described the prevalence of MDROs among refugees. In a study by Reinheimer et al 119 unaccompanied refugee minors, colonization with MRGN bacteria was more frequent than in the general German population.…”

Panton-Valentine Leukocidin-Positive Staphylococcus aureus in Ireland from 2002 to 2011: 21 Clones, Frequent Importation of Clones, Temporal Shifts of Predominant Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus Clones, and Increasing Multiresistance

“…Different pvl-positive MRSA clones predominate in different regions, e.g., sequence type 8 (ST8)-MRSA-IV (USA300) in the United States (14), ST59-MRSA-V T in Asia (13,15), ST30-MRSA-IV in New Zealand (16), ST93-MRSA-IV in Australia (17), ST80-MRSA-IV in Europe (18) and the Middle East (1), ST88-MRSA-IV in Africa (19), and ST22-MRSA-IV and ST772-MRSA-V in India (20). However, recent studies highlighted the complex and changing epidemiology of pvl-positive MRSA, including (i) considerable variation in the prevalence rates of pvlpositive MRSA in different regions of the world (2,17), (ii) the increasing prevalence and polyclonal population structure of pvlpositive MRSA isolates in Europe (1,21,22), (iii) the increasing prevalence of ST8-MRSA-IV in Europe and the decreasing prevalence of ST80-MRSA-IV (21), (iv) the increasing prevalence of multiresistant pvl-positive MRSA (22), and (v) the spread of pvlpositive MRSA into hospitals (14,(23)(24)(25). Furthermore, there has been an increasing frequency of reports of infections associated with pvl-positive MSSA (26,27) that produce similar clinical presentations as pvl-positive MRSA, and the former are a potential reservoir for the emergence of pvl-positive MRSA.…”

Outbreak of clonal complex 22 Panton–Valentine leucocidin-positive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

“…In England, the majority of PVL-positive strains have been MSSA (Holmes et al, 2005; Shallcross et al, 2010). Outbreaks of PVL S. aureus in both community and healthcare settings have attracted high-profile media attention and prompted concern regarding the transmissibility and virulence sometimes associated with these organisms (Ali et al, 2012; Patel et al, 2013). PVL-positive strains of S. aureus usually cause superficial skin and soft-tissue infections (including abscesses and pustules) in otherwise healthy individuals, but can cause potentially fatal necrotising pneumonia or necrotising fasciitis (Teare et al, 2010).…”

“…Although PVL-positive strains of S. aureus are more commonly identified in individuals in the community than in hospital, once it is brought into a hospital environment it can spread (Otter and French, 2006; Watkins et al, 2012). In the UK, there have been several reports of PVL-MRSA outbreaks in a hospital setting such as paediatric neonatal, intensive care and burns unit (Ali et al, 2012; Orendi et al, 2010; Patel et al, 2013; Shallcross et al, 2010; Teare et al, 2010). Transmission of PVL-MRSA has been controlled with implementation of multiple infection prevention measures (Patel et al, 2013).…”

“…In the UK, there have been several reports of PVL-MRSA outbreaks in a hospital setting such as paediatric neonatal, intensive care and burns unit (Ali et al, 2012; Orendi et al, 2010; Patel et al, 2013; Shallcross et al, 2010; Teare et al, 2010). Transmission of PVL-MRSA has been controlled with implementation of multiple infection prevention measures (Patel et al, 2013).…”