Successful biological control of the floating weed salvinia

Room, P. M.; Harley, K. L. S.; Forno, I. W.; Sands, D. P. A.

doi:10.1038/294078a0

Cited by 185 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…In recent decades, more than 100 pest species have been targeted by the release of multiple biological control agents into the Australian environment. Iconic success include the release of myxoma virus to control rabbit populations (Saunders et al 2010), the release of Cactoblastis moths to control prickley pear (Opuntia spp) (Dodd 1940), the introduction of dung beetles to manage cattle dung and the bush flies that breed in it (Edwards & Pavri 2007) and the control of floating Salvinia weed (Room et al 1981) using the beetle Cyrtobagous singularis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing key safety concerns of a Wolbachia-based strategy to control dengue transmission by Aedes mosquitoes

Popovici

Moreira

Poinsignon

et al. 2010

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing key safety concerns of a Wolbachia-based strategy to control dengue transmission by Aedes mosquitoes

Popovici

Moreira

Poinsignon

et al. 2010

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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“…The success story of S. molesta control by C. salviniae was published in the 'Nature Journal' in November 1981 [86]. The news of the event reached Botswana in March 1982.…”

Section: Biological Control: Botswana -1972-76mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This weevil established and rapidly controlled the weed on Lake Moondara in northern Queensland, Australia [86]. Subsequently it was reported that the weevil from S. molesta collected from southeastern Brazil represents a species different from C. singularis [87].…”

Section: Biological Control Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alien Invasive Aquatic Plant Species in Botswana: Historical Perspective and Management

Kurugundla¹,

Mathangwane²,

Sakuringwa³

et al. 2016

TOPSJ

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Aquatic ecosystems in Botswana have been under threat by the aquatic alien invasive plant species viz., salvinia Salvinia molesta Mitchell, water lettuce Pistia stratiotes L., and water hyacinth Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms-Laub. While salvinia has been termed the major threat to the Botswana wetlands, water lettuce and water hyacinth are considered to be of minor importance. This review presents the species biology, distribution, historical spread, negative impacts, control achieved right from their discovery in the country by referring to their control and management in the world.Having infested the Kwando-Linyanti-Chobe Rivers in the 1970s, salvinia was initially tried by the use of herbicides, paraquat and glyphosate, between 1972 and 1976. With the discovery of the host specific biological control weevil Cyrtobagous salviniae Calder and Sands in 1981, the weevil was introduced by Namibians on Kwando and Chobe Rivers in 1983 and by Botswana in 1986 in the Okavango Delta. While the control was slowly establishing in Kwando-Linyanti-Chobe Rivers, it became apparent that lakes and perennial swamps within and outside Moremi Game Reserve of the Okavango Delta were infested with salvinia from 1992 onwards.With continuous and sustained liberation of the weevil in the Kwando-Linyanti-Chobe Rivers and in the Okavango Delta between 1999 and 2000, salvinia control was achieved by 2003, and since then the weevil constantly keeps the weed at low levels. The success is mainly due to sustainable monitoring through the application of physical and biological control methods. However, salvinia is still threatening the Okavango Delta due to factors such as tourism activities, boat navigation fishing and transporttion by wild animals.The first occurrence of water lettuce was recorded on Kwando and Chobe Rivers in 1986. Its biocontrol weevil Neohydronomous affinis Hustache was released in the year 1987. The weevil became extinct in Selinda Canal and Zibadianja Lake on Kwando River due to dry and wet events for over 10 years and the weed had been under control biologically on Chobe River. Having surface covered the Selinda and a part of the Zibadianja in high flood and rainfall in 1999/2000 season, research was undertaken to contain water lettuce, which led to its eradication by 2005. Regular physical removal of the water lettuce prior to fruit maturity is an effective method of control or eradicating the weed in seasonal water bodies.The Limpopo Basin (shared by Botswana, South Africa, Zimbabwe and Mozambique) has become vulnerable to water hyacinth infestation. Water hyacinth infested the trans-boundary Limpopo River in 2010 sourced from Hartbeesport Dam on Crocodile River in South Africa. Botswana and South Africa have been consulting each other to implement integrated control of the weed jointly in the Limpopo River. Water hyacinth could be a continuous threat to the dams and the rivers in the Limpopo basin if its control is not taken seriously.These three species are found growing in Botswana in a range of pH...

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“…Biological control is an appropriate tool for the control of L. microphyllum because it grows among other plants in complex natural vegetation that would be damaged by most control methods. Biological control has solved or lessened the severity of many exotic plants affecting natural areas (Dennill and Donnelly 1991, Pemberton and Turner 1990, Room et al 1981). One of the most successful projects was against the floating aquatic fern Salvinia molesta D. Mitch.…”

Section: Biological Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the most successful projects was against the floating aquatic fern Salvinia molesta D. Mitch. in Australia (Room et al 1981). …”

Section: Biological Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invasion of a Southeastern Pine Savanna by Japanese Climbing Fern

2011

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Successful biological control of the floating weed salvinia

Cited by 185 publications

References 4 publications

Assessing key safety concerns of a Wolbachia-based strategy to control dengue transmission by Aedes mosquitoes

Assessing key safety concerns of a Wolbachia-based strategy to control dengue transmission by Aedes mosquitoes

Alien Invasive Aquatic Plant Species in Botswana: Historical Perspective and Management

Invasion of a Southeastern Pine Savanna by Japanese Climbing Fern

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