Successful ageing among a national community-dwelling sample of older adults in India in 2017–2018

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the prevalence and correlates of successful ageing in older community-dwelling adults in India. The cross-sectional sample included 21,343 individuals (≥ 65 years) from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI) Wave 1 in 2017–2018. Successful ageing was assessed utilizing a multidimensional concept, including five components: (1) absence of major illness, (2) free of disability, (3) no major depressive disorder, (4) social engagement and (5) life satisfaction. Overall, 27.2% had successful ageing, including 83.3% had no major diseases, 51.0% free from disability, 91.8% had no major depressive disorder, 73.6% were socially engaged and 74.6% had high life satisfaction. In the adjusted logistic regression analysis, male sex (Adjusted Odds Ratio-AOR 1.40, 95% Confidence Interval-CI 1.21–1.26), married (AOR 1.48, 95% CI 1.22–1.79), having formal education (AOR 1.47, 95% CI 1.23–1.74), high subjective socioeconomic status (AOR 1.61, 95% CI 1.29–2.01), urban residence (AOR 1.42, 95% CI 1.19–1.70), Sikhs (AOR 1.76, 95% CI 1.38–2.24), high physical activity (AOR 1.65, 95% CI 1.38–1.97), and daily Yoga practice (AOR 1.34, 95% CI 1.11–1.61) increased the odds of successful ageing, while increasing age (AOR 0.96, 95% CI 0.94–0.79), poor childhood health (AOR: 0.47, 95% CI 0.29–0.75), and underweight (AOR 0.70, 95% CI 0.61–0.81) decreased the odds of successful ageing. Almost one in three older adults in India were successfully ageing. Factors associated with successful ageing included, male sex, married, having formal education, high subjective socioeconomic status, urban residence, Sikhs, physical activity, Yoga practice, younger age, good childhood health, and not having underweight.

Prevalence and associated factors of physical inactivity among middle-aged and older adults in India: results of a national cross-sectional community survey

“…The responses were ‘Yes/No’ and were dichotomised into 0 or 1, and ≥2 ADL/IADL items, as in previous studies. 29 38 …”

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Successful Ageing among People 50 Years and Older in a National Community Sample in Thailand

“…Using a multidimensional concept of SA, we found that almost two in three older adults (≥50 years) (60.0%) in Thailand were successfully ageing; the figures were slightly lower for those ≥60 years (58.1%) and ≥65 years (56.3%). Thailand appears to have a prevalence of SA that is higher than in China ( N = 15,191; ≥65 years, 18.6%), Korea ( N = 4155; ≥65 years, 25.2%) [ 4 ], India ( N = 21,343; ≥65 years, 27.2%) [ 5 ], and South Africa ( N = 3734; ≥50 years, 36.6%) [ 6 ]. The SA component “no major illness” (≥50 years 92.3%; ≥65 years 90.0%) in this study was higher than in China (≥65 years, 75.1% [ 4 ], India (≥65 years; 83.3%) [ 5 ], and South Africa (≥50 years; 73.3%) [ 6 ].…”

“…Successful ageing (SA) can be defined using a multidimensional concept, including life satisfaction, mental well-being, social engagement, no disability, and no major illness [ 4 ]. Using the same definition of SA, in China (≥65 years), the prevalence of SA was 18.6%, in Korea, it was 25.2% [ 4 ], in India (≥65 years), it was 27.2% [ 5 ], and in South Africa (≥50 years), it was 36.6% [ 6 ]. As reviewed previously [ 5 , 6 ], indicators associated with SA comprise sociodemographic indicators (married, male sex, younger age, higher economic status, higher education, ethnicity, and region) and health behaviors, such as physical activity, not smoking, and normal body mass index.…”

“…Using the same definition of SA, in China (≥65 years), the prevalence of SA was 18.6%, in Korea, it was 25.2% [ 4 ], in India (≥65 years), it was 27.2% [ 5 ], and in South Africa (≥50 years), it was 36.6% [ 6 ]. As reviewed previously [ 5 , 6 ], indicators associated with SA comprise sociodemographic indicators (married, male sex, younger age, higher economic status, higher education, ethnicity, and region) and health behaviors, such as physical activity, not smoking, and normal body mass index. Furthermore, diet quality [ 7 ] and intellectual and developmental disabilities [ 8 ] can influence successful ageing.…”

Secular Difference in Body Mass Index From 2014 to 2020 in Chinese Older Adults: A Time-Series Cross-Sectional Study

“…The aged population is threatened by both underweight (often referred as malnutrition) and overweight (referred as overweight and obesity). Underweight is much higher among older adults in India, as a recent nationwide community-dwelling survey in India showed that the prevalence of underweight among people aged 65 years and over was 28.4% ( 3 ). Underweight in older adults is associated with an increased risk of mortality and morbidity ( 4 , 5 ), poor self-reported health ( 6 , 7 ) and physical decline, which have wide ranging acute implications for activities of daily living and quality of life in general ( 8 ).…”