Success and failure in client-centered therapy as a function of initial in-therapy behavior.

Kirtner, William L.; Cartwright, Desmond S.

doi:10.1037/h0042982

Cited by 63 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 3 publications

(2 reference statements)

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“…A similar observation was reported for nonpsychopharmacological intervention as well. Of particular interest is the study by Crits-Christoph et al [2001] that confirmed earlier findings [Fink et al, 1982;Kirtner and Cartwright, 1958] that improvement occurring by weeks 2-4 in cognitive-behavioral therapy, as well as psychodynamic therapy, of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), GAD, and OCD was highly predictive of clinical remission at treatment end point. Because most studies assessing the effect of early improvement on treatment outcome in psychiatry have not included a placebo group, and none in anxiety, we planned this study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Early response and 8-week treatment outcome in GAD

et al. 2006

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Our objective was to compare the predictive value of early response to treatment outcome in patients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) treated with benzodiazepines, serotonin receptor (5HT-1A) partial agonists, or placebo. Data from two double-blind GAD studies were combined. Subjects were evaluated with the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-A) and the Clinical Global Impression of Improvement (CGI-I) scale over 8 weeks. Categories of response at weeks 1 and 2 were defined by the HAM-A total score. Analyses of covariance and Kaplan-Meier survival analyses were the primary analyses used to assess 8-week end point treatment outcomes as a function of early improvement. HAM-A change from baseline to weeks 1 and 2 significantly predicted last observation carried forward (LOCF) response at week 8 for both medications and for placebo (P<.001). Early improvement was a strong predictor for treatment outcome irrespective of whether active medication or placebo was the treatment agent.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Early response and 8-week treatment outcome in GAD

et al. 2006

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“…Adelman et al (1984) were the first to explore empirically client participation in the child mental health treatment literature. However, it was studied even earlier in the adult treatment literature (Bellak & Smith, 1956;Kirtner & Carwright, 1958;Strupp, Chassan, & Ewing, 1966). Client participation includes constructs that have been labeled as client effort, collaboration, client involvement in therapy, cooperation, treatment engagement, on-task behavior, and homework completion (Adelman et al, 1984;Braswell et al, 1985;Clarke et al, 1992;Gorin, 1993;Green, 1996;Johnson, 2000;Sarlin, 1992;Tolan, Hanish, McKay, & Dickey, 2002).…”

Section: Parental Willingness To Participate In Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Theoretical Model of Common Process Factors in Youth and Family Therapy

Karver

Handelsman

Fields

et al. 2005

Ment Health Serv Res

181

172

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Recently there has been an increasing emphasis in the youth and family mental health treatment literature on the use of empirically supported treatments (ESTs). In contrast there has been scant attention paid to more universal aspects of the therapy process that may have even greater impact upon therapy outcomes. It is likely that the success of the techniques proposed by ESTs may depend on the presence of common process factors. In this article, the authors explore the status of common process factors research in the youth and family therapy literature, and propose a theoretical model linking specific therapeutic relationship variables and treatment outcomes for children and adolescents. This model is intended to guide synthesis of the empirical evidence for common process factors in youth and family treatment and to stimulate future research on common process factors.

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“…Anna Freud's observation of children's tendencies to "externalize" the source of their conflicts has underscored a second social-cognitive mediator. Research on adult psychotherapy has indicated that patients who view their problems as externally imposed are not likely to benefit from treatment (Kirtner & Cartwright, 1958;Salzman, Luetgert, Roth, Creasant, & Howard, 1976). Similarly, children may acknowledge a need for change but locate the source of their problems in the external environment.…”

Section: A Developmental Perspective On Alliance Formation In Child Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical, empirical, and developmental perspectives on the therapeutic relationship in child psychotherapy

1992

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Despite substantial interest in the therapeutic relationship by child clinicians, relationship processes in child therapy have been neglected by clinical researchers. In this paper, clinical and empirical perspectives on the therapeutic relationship in child treatment were reviewed. Initial findings indicated that the quality of the child's affective relationship with the therapist is associated with collaboration on therapy tasks. Given the recurrent finding of links between treatment collaboration and treatment outcome, research on factors that influence children's ability to form therapeutic relationships is recommended. To this end, a developmental social cognitive model of therapeutic alliance formation is proposed.During the last decade there were promising signs of an emerging alliance between child clinicians and developmentalists (Harter,

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Success and failure in client-centered therapy as a function of initial in-therapy behavior.

Cited by 63 publications

References 3 publications

Early response and 8-week treatment outcome in GAD

Early response and 8-week treatment outcome in GAD

A Theoretical Model of Common Process Factors in Youth and Family Therapy

Clinical, empirical, and developmental perspectives on the therapeutic relationship in child psychotherapy

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