Subway tunnel guided electromagnetic wave propagation at mobile communications frequencies

Didascalou, D.; Maurer, J.; Wiesbeck, W.

doi:10.1109/8.964095

Cited by 73 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In the experiments described in this paper, the axial step was chosen equal to 4 m when 50 m < d < 202 m and to 6 m when 202 m < d < 500 m. In such kind of experiments, an optical pulse generator is coupled to a wheel of the mobile system, the accuracy on the location of the mobile being on the order or less than 1 cm [23]. Let us mention that if the measurement system is on-board a vehicle moving in a tunnel, the time interval between two successive sampling would have to be greater than the whole time response of the measurement set up, as explained in [22].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Double Directional Channel Measurements in an Arched Tunnel and Interpretation Using Ray Tracing in a Rectangular Tunnel

Garcia-Pardo¹,

Molina‐Garcia‐Pardo²,

Liénard³

et al. 2012

PIER M

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Abstract-The objective of this paper is to study the wideband characteristics of the radio channel in a tunnel environment, not only the delay spread, but also the angle of departure/arrival of the rays, their relative weights and their delays, which are important values for Multiple-Input Multiple-Output applications. In order to achieve this goal, a measurement campaign has been carried out in a straight arched tunnel over a frequency band extending from 2.8 to 5.0 GHz and distance varying from 50 m up to 500 m. First, the variations of the channel impulse response and of the delay spread versus the distance between the transmitter and the receiver are analyzed. Then, the bidirectional channel characteristics have been extracted from the measured channel matrices using a high resolution estimation algorithm. The main contribution of this paper is to clearly show the quantitative variation of the delay spread and the angle of departure/arrival of the rays along a real tunnel and to investigate the possibility of using the ray theory in a rectangular tunnel to interpret experimental results obtained in an arched tunnel.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Double Directional Channel Measurements in an Arched Tunnel and Interpretation Using Ray Tracing in a Rectangular Tunnel

Garcia-Pardo¹,

Molina‐Garcia‐Pardo²,

Liénard³

et al. 2012

PIER M

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“…However such an approach gives inaccurate path loss predictions at close ranges and also for antennas located close to the tunnel wall [4].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is clearly a wide gap between the WSN prototype that works in the lab and the one that works in the eld, attached to real sensors, exposed to the inconsistencies and threats of a real environment, expected to stay up for months on end, required to be easy to deploy by a maintenance crew, robust to occasional failure of the hardware and software 4 and so forth. We hope that our real-world experience will help inspire and direct further research and development into dependable and usable wireless sensor networks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smart bridges, smart tunnels: Transforming wireless sensor networks from research prototypes into robust engineering infrastructure

et al. 2010

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We instrumented large civil engineering infrastructure items, such as bridges and tunnels, with sensors that monitor their operational performance and deterioration. In so doing we discovered that commercial o erings of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are still geared towards research prototypes and are currently not yet mature for deployment in practical scenarios.We distill the experience gained during this three-year interdisciplinary project into speci c advice for researchers and developers. We discuss problems and solutions in a variety of areas including sensor hardware, radio propagation, node deployment, system security and data visualization. We also point out the problems that are still open and that the community needs to address to enable widespread adoption of WSNs outside the research lab. IntroductionLarge civil engineering infrastructure items such as bridges, highways, tunnels and water pipes are expected to last for decades or even centuries. Over the course of their lifetimes, these structures deteriorate and require timely maintenance in order to prevent further degradation that might lead to accidents, the need for replacement or, in the worst case, collapse. Traditionally, early detection of such deterioration is achieved by visual inspection, either during routine maintenance visits or when a maintenance team is sent to the site to investigate a known or suspected problem. But such inspections are time-consuming and costly and therefore infrequent. An alternative is to equip infrastructure with sensors that are permanently wired up to report back to a central system; but this solution is not adopted very extensively because of the di culty and cost of running data and power cables to each individual sensor in challenging environments such as a subway tunnel or a long suspension bridge.The purpose of our research project, which at the time of writing has been running for almost three years, is to develop a system for continuous monitoring of such infrastructure using wireless sensor networks which, compared to wired systems, are easier and cheaper to deploy and also o er the opportunity for straightforward expansion.How nice it would be if we could just go out and buy a commercial o the shelf (COTS) wireless sensor network (WSN) system and use it for monitoring our structures straight away. Unfortunately, though, the available commercial systems are typically only kits of building blocks and a non-trivial integration e ort is required, together with the development of any missing parts, before arriving at a complete and usable monitoring solution.This experience paper identi es some of the challenges and issues encountered when installing wireless sensor networks in the eld, with speci c but not exclusive reference to civil engineering deployments, and discusses how these challenges can be addressed. Inspired by the format of the instructive and well-presented paper by Barrenetxea et al. [2], which content-wise is largely complementary to ours, we share our experience in the form o...

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“…The paper lacks of information. Consequently, we focused on the works presented in (Didascalou et al, 2000), (Didascalou et al, 2001). A Ray Launching combined with a ray-density normalization is presented.…”

Section: Existing Techniques To Model Radio Wave Propagation In Tunnelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ray Launching Modeling in Curved Tunnels with Rectangular or Non Rectangular Section

Masson¹,

Combeau²,

Cocheril³

et al. 2013

Wave Propagation Theories and Applications

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International audienceSeveral methods to model radio wave propagation in tunnels have been published in the literature and will be presented in this chapter with their advantages and drawbacks. Among them, only few works are dedicated to non rectangular cross section and curved tunnels. Hence, we focus on a new method recently developed. The structure of the chapter is as follows. Section 2 presents the context of the works and why deployments of wireless telecommunication systems are needed for transport applications. Existing techniques to model radio wave propagation in tunnel are presented in section 3 with their respective advantages and drawbacks. The fourth and fifth sections are respectively devoted to the design and the evaluation of a propagation prediction model for curved tunnel with a rectangular or a circular cross section. Finally, section 6 concludes and presents some perspectives to these works

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Subway tunnel guided electromagnetic wave propagation at mobile communications frequencies

Cited by 73 publications

References 17 publications

Double Directional Channel Measurements in an Arched Tunnel and Interpretation Using Ray Tracing in a Rectangular Tunnel

Double Directional Channel Measurements in an Arched Tunnel and Interpretation Using Ray Tracing in a Rectangular Tunnel

Smart bridges, smart tunnels: Transforming wireless sensor networks from research prototypes into robust engineering infrastructure

Ray Launching Modeling in Curved Tunnels with Rectangular or Non Rectangular Section

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