Suburban Development: Spatial and Physical Transformation of Residence as a Determinant of Settlement Densification in Makassar City, Indonesia

Abstract

Suburban areas in Indonesia are densifying and transforming in an unsustainable manner, leading to uncontrolled management, spatial utilization, and control. This study aims to analyze transformation as a determinant of densification growth, the effects of physical spatial and residential transformation on densification, and the resulting contribution to settlement densification. The research method involves a combination of quantitative and qualitative approaches with a sequential explanatory design. The results indicate that spatial physical transformation has both a direct and significant impact and an indirect effect on densification through the physical transformation of residences, with an R 2 value of 46.6%. Moreover, physical residence transformation has a direct and significant influence on densification, with an R 2 of 47.8%. The increase in population leads to the spatial and physical transformation of residences, which positively contributes to the process of building density and the level of densification of built settlements. The spatial and physical transformation of residences contribute to changes in typology, morphology, and spatial structure during settlement densification. The morphological change of densification encourages the binary fission of housing units, residential intensification, and spatial agglomeration, as well as the growth of mixed service centers from main roads to neighborhood roads. This research helps formulate development concepts and spatial policy approaches.