Subtypes of depression in dementia

Amore, Mario; Tagariello, P.; Laterza, C.; Savoia, E.M.

doi:10.1016/j.archger.2007.01.004

Cited by 29 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…37 Thus, our findings provide evidence that the larger spectrum of depression is associated with increased risk of dementia and death. It is possible that depression or subthreshold depression is a prodrome for dementia, 38 or is associated with an intermediary process that then leads to cognitive deficit (e.g., subthreshold vascular disease, which leads to neurodegenerative cerebral lesions, 28,39 or high levels of cortisol may be associated with depression and may also lead to neuronal death and cognitive decline). 9 Thus, depression may be part of the same disease process that produces dementia, or a separate process that is directly associated with an increased risk for cognitive decline.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dysthymia and Depression Increase Risk of Dementia and Mortality Among Older Veterans

Byers

Covinsky

Barnes

et al. 2012

The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry

143

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Objective To determine if less severe depression spectrum diagnoses such as dysthymia, as well as depression, are associated with risk of developing dementia and mortality in a “real world” setting. Design Retrospective cohort study conducted using the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) National Patient Care Database (1997-2007). Setting VA medical centers in the United States. Participants A total of 281,540 veterans 55 years and older without dementia at study baseline (1997-2000). Measurements Depression status and incident dementia were ascertained from ICD-9 codes during study baseline (1997-2000) and follow-up (2001-2007), respectively. Mortality was ascertained by time of death dates in the VA Vital Status File. Results Ten percent of veterans had baseline diagnosis of depression and nearly 1% had dysthymia. The unadjusted incidence of dementia was 11.2% in veterans with depression, 10.2% with dysthymia and 6.4% with neither. After adjusting for demographics and comorbidities, patients diagnosed with dysthymia or depression were twice as likely to develop incident dementia compared to those with no dysthymia/depression (adjusted dysthymia hazard ratio [HR]: 1.96, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.71-2.25; and depression HR: 2.18, 95% CI: 2.08-2.28). Dysthymia and depression also were associated with increased risk of death (31.6% dysthymia and 32.9% depression vs 28.5% neither; adjusted dysthymia HR: 1.41, 95% CI: 1.31-1.53; and depression HR: 1.47, 95% CI: 1.43-1.51). Conclusions Findings suggest that older adults with dysthymia or depression need to be monitored closely for adverse outcomes. Future studies should determine whether treatment of depression spectrum disorders may reduce risk of these outcomes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dysthymia and Depression Increase Risk of Dementia and Mortality Among Older Veterans

Byers

Covinsky

Barnes

et al. 2012

The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry

143

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…However, there are several plausible mechanisms, other than faulty appraisals, that should be entertained. Whereas there is some debate regarding the ability to reliably differentiate between dementia and depression (for review see: Amore et al, 2007), depression is the most common psychiatric comorbidity associated with Alzheimer's disease and is typically part of the early symptom presentation of dementia. In addition, neuropsychiatric symptoms, most commonly depression, are overrepresented in pre-clinical dementia states such as mild cognitive impairment (Lyketsos et al, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The moderating role of negative affect on objective verbal memory performance and subjective memory complaints in healthy older adults

Dux

Woodard

Calamari

et al. 2008

J. Inter. Neuropsych. Soc.

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Subjective memory complaints (SMCs) are part of the diagnostic criteria for Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), yet little is known about their etiology. In some previous studies, no direct relation has been found between SMCs and objective memory performance, yet significant correlations have been identified between SMCs and psychological factors such as depression and anxiety. In the current study, we examined whether negative affect moderated the relation between objective memory functioning and SMCs in a sample of healthy, non-demented participants aged 65 and older. As predicted, several negative affect measures moderated the relationship between objective cognitive functioning and SMCs. In the absence of objective memory impairment as indexed by the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) and the Dementia Rating Scale-2nd Edition (DRS-2), higher levels of negative affect were associated with increased levels of SMCs. Moreover, a lower order negative affect factor, anxiety sensitivity, significantly moderated the relation between objective memory functioning and SMCs, after controlling for higher order measures of general negative affectivity. Findings suggest that negative affect, particularly anxiety sensitivity, distorts the subjective appraisal of one's own memory, such that people high on negative affect factors report more episodes of forgetting, even in the absence of objective cognitive impairments. (JINS, 2008, 14, 327-336.)

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“…Both psychiatric and somatic comorbidities have been reported in AD and may influence AD progression, accelerating cognitive decline (Amore et al, 2007; Cechetto et al, 2008; Craft, 2009; Perez-Madrinan et al, 2004; Schmidt et al, 2011). Neuropsychiatric symptoms, (including depression, apathy, agitation, or psychosis) are a key disabling component of AD and understanding their neurobiological substrates represents a crucial challenge for AD research (Geda et al, 2013).…”

Section: Glial Activation – a Common Histopathological Finding In mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comorbidities in Neurology: Is adenosine the common link?

Boison

Aronica

2015

Neuropharmacology

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Comorbidities in Neurology represent a major conceptual and therapeutic challenge. For example, temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a syndrome comprised of epileptic seizures and comorbid symptoms including memory and psychiatric impairment, depression, and sleep dysfunction. Similarly, Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) are accompanied by various degrees of memory dysfunction. Patients with AD have an increased likelihood for seizures, whereas all four conditions share certain aspects of psychosis, depression, and sleep dysfunction. This remarkable overlap suggests common pathophysiological mechanisms, which include synaptic dysfunction and synaptotoxicity, as well as glial activation and astrogliosis. Astrogliosis is linked to synapse function via the tripartite synapse, but astrocytes also control the availability of gliotransmitters and adenosine. Here we will specifically focus on the ‘adenosine hypothesis of comorbidities’ implying that astrocyte activation, via overexpression of adenosine kinase (ADK), induces a deficiency in the homeostatic tone of adenosine. We present evidence from patient-derived samples showing astrogliosis and overexpression of ADK as common pathological hallmark of epilepsy, AD, PD, and ALS. We discuss a transgenic ‘comorbidity model’, in which brain-wide overexpression of ADK and resulting adenosine deficiency produces a comorbid spectrum of seizures, altered dopaminergic function, attentional impairment, and deficits in cognitive domains and sleep regulation. We conclude that dysfunction of adenosine signaling is common in neurological conditions, that adenosine dysfunction can explain comorbid phenotypes, and that therapeutic adenosine augmentation might be effective for the treatment of comorbid symptoms in multiple neurological conditions.

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Subtypes of depression in dementia

Cited by 29 publications

References 26 publications

Dysthymia and Depression Increase Risk of Dementia and Mortality Among Older Veterans

Dysthymia and Depression Increase Risk of Dementia and Mortality Among Older Veterans

The moderating role of negative affect on objective verbal memory performance and subjective memory complaints in healthy older adults

Comorbidities in Neurology: Is adenosine the common link?

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