Subtractive processes in light adaptation

Hayhoe, Mary; Levin, M.; Koshel, R. John

doi:10.1016/0042-6989(92)90142-6

Cited by 53 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…This model contained adaptation and non-linear stages as suggested by classical psychophysical models (Adelson, 1982; Hayhoe, Benimoff & Hood, 1987; Hayhoe, Levin & Koshel, 1992; Snippe, Poot & van Hateren, 2000; Wilson, 1997). However these classical models needed to be updated based on new physiological findings about adaptation processes.…”

Section: Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When reducing the background field from 10° to 1°, tvi curves moved upwards again. This threshold increment in the photopic range can be ascribed either to the influence of background field size on the control gain (Tyler & Liu, 1996), or to the reduction in the subtractive mechanism (Hayhoe, Levin & Koshel, 1992). We have followed this second hypothesis.…”

Section: Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of background size, luminance and eccentricity on different adaptation mechanisms

et al. 2016

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Mechanisms of light adaptation have been traditionally explained with reference to psychophysical experimentation. However, the neural substrata involved in those mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Our study analyzed links between psychophysical measurements and retinal physiological evidence with consideration for the phenomena of rod-cone interactions, photon noise, and spatial summation. Threshold test luminances were obtained with steady background fields at mesopic and photopic light levels (i.e., 0.06–110 cd/m2) for retinal eccentricities from 0° to 15° using three combinations of background/test field sizes (i.e., 10°/2°, 10°/0.45°, and 1°/0.45°). A two-channel Maxwellian view optical system was employed to eliminate pupil effects on the measured thresholds. A model based on visual mechanisms that were described in the literature was optimized to fit the measured luminance thresholds in all experimental conditions. Our results can be described by a combination of visual mechanisms. We determined how spatial summation changed with eccentricity and how subtractive adaptation changed with eccentricity and background field size. According to our model, photon noise plays a significant role to explain contrast detection thresholds measured with the 1/0.45° background/test size combination at mesopic luminances and at off-axis eccentricities. In these conditions, our data reflect the presence of rod-cone interaction for eccentricities between 6° and 9° and luminances between 0.6 and 5 cd/m2. In spite of the increasing noise effects with eccentricity, results also show that the visual system tends to maintain a constant signal-to-noise ratio in the off-axis detection task over the whole mesopic range.

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Section: Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of background size, luminance and eccentricity on different adaptation mechanisms

et al. 2016

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“…This technique enabled us to separate gain changes from changes in the response function. Other studies that have measured the time course of chromatic adaptation [11][12][13][14] have not examined changes in an extended response range.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time course of adaptation along the RG cardinal axis

Shapiro¹,

Beere²,

Zaidi³

2000

Color Res. Appl.

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We examine how the RG cardinal mechanism adapts to a shift from one spatially uniform field to another. A probe-flash paradigm allowed the response to be estimated at an initial adaptation state, an end adaptation state, and four intermediate time conditions. The threshold curves were higher and flatter in the intermediate conditions than at the beginning and end of adaptation. The intermediate results cannot be explained by combinations of cone or opponent-level multiplicative and subtractive gain controls, and implicate higher-order adaptation processes.

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“…Typically these processes have been separated into subtractive mechanisms that are analogous to a DC adjustment of the retinal cone signal, and multiplicative mechanisms that are analogous to gain changes of the retinal cone signal (Hayhoe et al, 1987). Most evidence suggests that the subtractive mechanisms are the slower of the processes, though this is not an entirely clear distinction (Hayhoe et al, 1992;Hayhoe & Wenderoth, 1991).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies of light adaptation have shown processes with time courses of several seconds (Adelson, 1982;Hayhoe, Benimoff, & Hood, 1987;Hayhoe, Levin, & Koshel, 1992;Hayhoe & Wenderoth, 1991). Typically these processes have been separated into subtractive mechanisms that are analogous to a DC adjustment of the retinal cone signal, and multiplicative mechanisms that are analogous to gain changes of the retinal cone signal (Hayhoe et al, 1987).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of luminance oscillations on simulated lightness discriminations

Shimozaki

Thomas

Eckstein

2001

Perception & Psychophysics

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The speed of processes underlying lightness constancy was studied by having observers discriminate small differences in simulated lightness under an oscillating illumination. The period of oscillation varied from 0.25 to 120 sec. The target was a 1º square which appeared for 150 msec at random intervals either directly against a uniform background or separated from the background by a 1º dark gap. When the target and background were adjacent to each other, discrimination accuracy approached control levels (fixed illumination) at all but the shortest periods of oscillation. When the gap was introduced, accuracy increased as the period of oscillation increased, but never approached control levels. The results suggest that a fast local contrast mechanism is the primary mediator of lightness constancy for this task, but that there is also a slower mechanism that may be related to adaptation.

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Subtractive processes in light adaptation

Cited by 53 publications

References 34 publications

Influence of background size, luminance and eccentricity on different adaptation mechanisms

Influence of background size, luminance and eccentricity on different adaptation mechanisms

Time course of adaptation along the RG cardinal axis

Effects of luminance oscillations on simulated lightness discriminations

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