Subthreshold electrical stimulation of monkey superior colliculus (SC) mediates spatial attention

Müller, James R.; Philiastides, Marios G.; Newsome, William T.

doi:10.1167/4.8.6

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Such cortical enhancement would result from projections originating in the SC such as those conveying signals to frontal cortex (Sommer and Wurtz, 1998), or to cortical motion processing areas such as area MT, which is modified by SC stimulation (Muller et al, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subcortical Modulation of Attention Counters Change Blindness

Cavanaugh¹,

Wurtz²

2004

J. Neurosci.

219

191

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Change blindness is the failure to see large changes in a visual scene that occur simultaneously with a global visual transient. Such visual transients might be brief blanks between visual scenes or the blurs caused by rapid or saccadic eye movements between successive fixations. Shifting attention to the site of the change counters this "blindness" by improving change detection and reaction time. We developed a change blindness paradigm for visual motion and then showed that presenting an attentional cue diminished the blindness in both humans and old world monkeys. We then replaced the visual cue with weak electrical stimulation of an area in the monkey's brainstem, the superior colliculus, to see if activation at such a late stage in the eye movement control system contributes to the attentional shift that counters change blindness. With this stimulation, monkeys more easily detected changes and had shorter reaction times, both characteristics of a shift of attention.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subcortical Modulation of Attention Counters Change Blindness

Cavanaugh¹,

Wurtz²

2004

J. Neurosci.

219

191

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“…The evidence for a link between goal-directed actions and visual attention is compelling for the case of saccadic eye movements. A number of saccade-related brain regions, including the lateral intraparietal area (LIP), the frontal eye fields (FEF) and the superior colliculus (SC), are thought to represent priority maps and all of them have been causally linked to attention-related changes in visual performance [6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. Moreover, saccade preparation results in an obligatory shift of attention to its target [13][14][15][16][17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reach preparation enhances visual performance and appearance

Rolfs

Lawrence

Carrasco

2013

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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We investigated the impact of the preparation of reach movements on visual perception by simultaneously quantifying both an objective measure of visual sensitivity and the subjective experience of apparent contrast. Using a two-by-two alternative forced choice task, observers compared the orientation (clockwise or counterclockwise) and the contrast (higher or lower) of a Standard Gabor and a Test Gabor, the latter of which was presented during reach preparation, at the reach target location or the opposite location. Discrimination performance was better overall at the reach target than at the opposite location. Perceived contrast increased continuously at the target relative to the opposite location during reach preparation, that is, after the onset of the cue indicating the reach target. The finding that performance and appearance do not evolve in parallel during reach preparation points to a distinction with saccade preparation, for which we have shown previously there is a parallel temporal evolution of performance and appearance. Yet akin to saccade preparation, this study reveals that overall reach preparation enhances both visual performance and appearance.

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“…Electrode recordings in animal models suggest a similar locus (Sharma et al, 2015). Other studies suggest that spatial attentional effects might be found even earlier in the visual processing hierarchy, such as at the level of the lateral geniculate nucleus (Ling, Pratte, & Tong, 2015; Schneider & Kastner, 2009) and superior colliculus (Ignashchenkova, Dicke, Haarmeier, & Thier, 2004; Muller, Philiastides, & Newsome, 2004; Schneider & Kastner, 2009).…”

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confidence: 99%

Not all probabilities are equivalent: Evidence from orientation versus spatial probability learning.

Jabar

Anderson

2017

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Perfor

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Frequently targets are detected faster, probable locations searched earlier, and likely orientations estimated more precisely. Are these all consequences of a single, domain-general "attentional" effect? To examine this issue, participants were shown brief instances of spatial gratings, and were tasked to draw their location and orientation. Unknown to participants, either the location or orientation probability of these gratings were manipulated. While orientation probability affected the precision of orientation reports, spatial probability did not. Further, utilising lowered stimulus contrast (via a staircase procedure) and a combination of behavioral precision and confidence self-report, we clustered trials with perceived stimuli from trials where the target was not detected: Spatial probability only modulated the likelihood of stimulus detection, but not did not modulate perceptual precision. Even when no physical attentional cues are present, acquired probabilistic information on space versus orientation leads to separable 'attention-like' effects on behaviour. We discuss how this could be linked to distinct underlying neural mechanisms. (PsycINFO Database Record

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Subthreshold electrical stimulation of monkey superior colliculus (SC) mediates spatial attention

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Subcortical Modulation of Attention Counters Change Blindness

Subcortical Modulation of Attention Counters Change Blindness

Reach preparation enhances visual performance and appearance

Not all probabilities are equivalent: Evidence from orientation versus spatial probability learning.

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