Subsurface structure of a maar–diatreme and associated tuff ring from a high-resolution geophysical survey, Rattlesnake Crater, Arizona

Marshall, Anita; Connor, Charles B.; Kruse, Sarah; Malservisi, R.; Richardson, J. A.; Courtland, Leah Michelle; Connor, L.; Wilson, James A.; Karegar, Makan A.

doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2015.09.006

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Geophysical methods, mostly gravity and magnetics, have been used across the world to better understand the internal structure of volcanic centers and the nature of the volcanic products (López Loera et al, 2008;Mrlina et al, 2009;Skácelová et al, 2010;Blaikie et al, 2012;Blaikie et al, 2014;George et al, 2015;Marshall et al, 2015). Points gathered from these papers, pertinent to this study, are: (1) magnetic anomalies generally are associated with near-vent facies and the structure of the upper parts of conduits in distributed volcanic fields; (2) magnetic anomalies associated with these structures are commonly on the order of 1000s nT; (3) use of geophysical surveys and applications of potential-field modeling are particularly important when vents are covered by sedimentation or obscured by erosion (e.g., Mrlina et al, 2009;Skácelová et al, 2010;George et al, 2015) and to determine the sizes of crater areas, especially where these are obscured by surface geology or cultural features (e.g., McLean and Betts, 2003;Blaikie et al, 2014;Marshall et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Near-surface geophysical mapping of an Upper Cretaceous submarine volcanic vent in Austin, Texas, USA

Sarıbudak¹

2016

The Leading Edge

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Geophysical surveys were conducted at the Williamson Creek site south of Austin, Texas, to determine the structural relation of the Upper Cretaceous volcanic rocks (lava and tuff) with the associated Austin Chalk limestone. At this site, resistivity and magnetic methods were performed over the exposed volcanic and limestone rocks. Geophysical results indicate an excellent correlation between high-magnetic and low-resistivity anomalies. The pseudo-3D resistivity data show a steeply dipping funnel-shaped vent formation over the high-magnetic anomaly (up to 3000 nT). Magnetic anomalies are consistent with a uniformly magnetized body, like a volcanic vent, and the anomaly's dimensions are consistent with eroded volcanic vents in other distributed volcanic fields in the United States. Magnetic data has been integrated with resistivity data and geologic observations and subjected to 2.5D forward potential-field modeling. Modeling has revealed a perfect fit with three magnetic zones: (1) the central part corresponds to the main magma feeder (vent); (2) the surrounding zone corresponds to undifferentiated interbedded tuffs and lavas; and (3) the low-magnetization zone. Geophysical results show that additional resistivity surveys, in conjunction with magnetic surveys, could offer useful information on the shallow volcanic plugs (serpentines), which are potential oil and gas traps in Texas, and their adjacent sedimentary rocks. The procedures developed here may have applications in other areas with comparable geologic conditions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Near-surface geophysical mapping of an Upper Cretaceous submarine volcanic vent in Austin, Texas, USA

Sarıbudak¹

2016

The Leading Edge

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“…The terms were sometimes adopted for a combination of descriptive and interpretative purposes (and jump between one or the other), shortcutting any further discussion. There has been a pervasive tendency to call ‘subcritical’ any sedimentary structures with foreset beds only, and ‘supercritical’ any structures including backset stratification (Mattson & Alvarez, 1973; Fisher, 1977; Waitt et al., 1981; Fisher et al., 1983; Self & Wright, 1983; Rowley et al., 1985; Valentine, 1987; Valentine et al., 1989; Giannetti & Luongo, 1994; Bryan et al., 1998; Sohn & Park, 2005; Gençalioğlu‐Kuşcu et al., 2007; Kelfoun et al., 2009; Brand & White, 2007; Brand et al., 2009; Brand & Clarke, 2012; Valentine, 2012; Pedrazzi et al., 2013; Marshall et al., 2015; Moorhouse & White, 2016). Additionally, pyroclastic DB stratification has been reported but without being the specific focus of study, lacking a detailed description or not being discussed in terms of formative flow regime (e.g.…”

Section: Existing Interpretationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4; note that the methods of measurement are not standardized – from a surface bedform or lamination patterns). Exceptionally large dimensions have been reported, yet the associated structures might be related to the stratigraphic backstepping of depositional profiles (length of 60 m in Self & Wright, 1983; 100 m in Sigurdsson et al., 1987; 200 m in Brand & Clarke, 2009 and Brand & Heiken, 2009; 100 to 250 m in Marshall et al., 2015; 520 m long in Brown & Branney, 2004). Spatially, the size of DBs is found to decrease downstream within a deposition zone (see Main types of patterns section).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The supercritical question for pyroclastic dune bedforms: An overview

Douillet

2021

Sedimentology

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“…Variations of magnetic field over the entire area were systematically mapped to localize the feeding conduit(s) of the studied volcanic belt. Efficiency of this method for the detection of basaltic volcanic conduits has been confirmed worldwide (e.g., De Ritis et al 2005;Skácelová et al 2010;Blaikie et al 2014;Marshall et al 2015). The field magnetic data were acquired using a PMG-2 Proton precession magnetometer (Geofyzika Brno) in the mode of separated individual measurements.…”

Section: Ground Magnetometric Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

Petrology of weakly differentiated alkaline, high-level intrusive rocks in the Zahořany-Chotiněves Belt near Litoměřice (Czech Republic)

Mysliveček¹,

Rapprich²,

Kochergina³

et al. 2018

J. Geosci.

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Weakly differentiated rocks such as basaltic trachyandesites occur rather rarely in the Cenozoic České Středohoří Volcanic Complex (Central Europe, Czech Republic). We present mineralogical, petrological and geochemical data for a basaltic trachyandesite sill located at the southern margin of the České Středohoří Volcanic Complex, where several smaller hills form a quasi-continuous belt between villages of Zahořany and Chotiněves. Uniform petrography and chemical composition provide compelling evidence that all individual outcrops belong to a single large sill, probably with the exception of the westernmost occurrence at the Křemín Hill. The sill is almost 5 km long (SW-NE) and likely up to 3 km wide (NW-SE). The elongated shape of the sill and its position suggest that the basaltic trachyandesite magma ascended along the Litoměřice Fault forming the southeastern edge of the NE-SW trending Ohře (Eger) Rift. The studied rocks are basic and alkali-rich (49.5-50.3 wt. % SiO 2 , sum K 2 O + Na 2 O = 7.8-8.1 wt. %), but their silica contents (volatile-free) approach the boundary of the intermediate domain. This correlates with low concentrations of compatible trace elements such as Cr (15-23 ppm). The limited degree of differentiation is reflected by smooth chondrite-normalized REE patterns (La N /Yb N = 18.2-19.3) with the absence of any significant Eu and/or MREE anomaly. The incompatible trace-element contents (Sr = 920-1080 ppm, Ba = 840-950 ppm, ƩREE = 280-330 ppm) typify weakly differentiated alkaline volcanic rocks within the Ohře Rift. Based on the chemical composition we suggest that these basaltic trachyandesites belong to the České Středohoří Volcanic Complex rather than to MgO-poor foidites of the Central Bohemia Volcanic Field. The intrusive age of the sill has been determined using conventional whole-rock K-Ar method at 29.12 ± 0.63 Ma (1σ). The initial Sr-Nd isotope compositions (87 Sr/ 86 Sr i = 0.7048, 143 Nd/ 144 Nd i = 0.51270), compare well with existing data for the České Středohoří trachybasalts and attest to their common origin. The single large Zahořany-Chotiněves sill partly fills the apparent gap in the differentiation trend between basanites to trachybasalts and trachyandesites to phonolites reported for the alkaline volcanism of the České Středohoří Mts.

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Subsurface structure of a maar–diatreme and associated tuff ring from a high-resolution geophysical survey, Rattlesnake Crater, Arizona

Cited by 15 publications

References 65 publications

Near-surface geophysical mapping of an Upper Cretaceous submarine volcanic vent in Austin, Texas, USA

Near-surface geophysical mapping of an Upper Cretaceous submarine volcanic vent in Austin, Texas, USA

The supercritical question for pyroclastic dune bedforms: An overview

Petrology of weakly differentiated alkaline, high-level intrusive rocks in the Zahořany-Chotiněves Belt near Litoměřice (Czech Republic)

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