Subsurface monitoring and surveillance using inter-well gas tracers

Al-Qasim, Abdulaziz; Kokal, Sunil; Hartvig, Sven; Huseby, Olaf

doi:10.1016/j.upstre.2020.100006

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Shook (2003) proposed the residence time distribution method to estimate the flow geometry of fractured geothermal reservoirs, which was further studied in subsequent work (Shook and Forsman 2005;Shook 2017). Other scholars have also employed this method to interpret tracer test data (Viig et al 2013;Tiong-Hui et al 2018;Al-Qasim et al 2020). The residence time distribution method has been proven to be a reliable method for interpreting tracer test data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of micro-substance tracer test in fractured horizontal wells

Yang,

Guo,

Lin

et al. 2024

J Petrol Explor Prod Technol

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This paper delves into a novel micro-substance tracer test in fractured horizontal well C-15. The experimental results are highly encouraging as they demonstrate that the trace material tracer is capable of satisfying the testing demands, even when there are large numbers of fracturing stages involved. Data interpretation process involved dividing the test duration into two stages-fluid flowback period and stable production period. The tracer test data were employed to analyze the production profile of the well. The findings made it evident that the primary production stage underwent alterations in different production stages. Moreover, the degree of heterogeneity pertaining to each fracturing stage was characterized by employing the residence time distribution method. It was observed that the Lorentz coefficient lying between the primary production stage and the remaining fracturing stages ranged from 0.46 to 0.68. This study expands the application of the residence time distribution method for evaluating tracer testing. Through a comprehensive analysis of heterogeneity data within the fracturing stages and the production dynamics of the well, the effectiveness of the fracturing process can be assessed. This research enables reservoir operators to gain deeper insights into the dynamics of test wells, ultimately leading to increased production efficiency.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of micro-substance tracer test in fractured horizontal wells

Yang,

Guo,

Lin

et al. 2024

J Petrol Explor Prod Technol

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“…The technical methods for conducting staged fracturing test production profiles in horizontal wells are primarily categorized into tracer monitoring technology, production logging technology, and distributed optical fiber monitoring technology. These three technologies differ significantly in their monitoring principles, testing methodologies, and data interpretation processes; each has its own applicable conditions as well as advantages and disadvantages. − Tracer monitoring technology is a crucial technical method for testing reservoir productivity, which can be divided into chemical tracer, radioactive isotope, non-radioactive isotope, and micromaterial tracer monitoring technologies. − The technology of staged fracturing tracer testing can accurately evaluate the effective utilization of each segment, enabling calculation of the yield contribution rate for each segment. , This improves the reliability of design for exploration and development schemes, optimization of fracturing parameters, and adjustment of well spacing . Tracers must possess specific characteristics to meet requirements for tracer horizontal well staged fracturing tests .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on an Anti-adsorption Micromaterial Tracer System and Its Application in Fracturing Horizontal Wells of Coal Reservoirs

Liu

Tian

et al. 2023

ACS Omega

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The high adsorption capacity of coal reservoirs poses a challenge to the evaluation of productivity and output profiles for each segment of fractured horizontal wells using tracers. In this study, the microstructure of a coal sample from block B and its absorption character to a micromaterial tracer are analyzed first. Then, an antiadsorption micromaterial tracer system which is suitable for block B is proposed by evaluating different types of complexing agents and extractant agents. The system comprises micromaterial tracers (200 ppb) + ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid tetrasodium (EDTA-4Na in short) (0.01%) + di(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate (HDEHP in short) (0.001%), and its anti-adsorption character of the system is analyzed. The concentration dynamics of micromaterial tracers are analyzed by the flowback fluid testing of one fracturing well and two adjacent wells. Then, a judging method for productivity and connectivity of each segment of horizontal wells is established. Moreover, the anti-adsorption micromaterial tracer system judgment method is employed to analyze the staged fracturing performance of horizontal well B1 in the coal reservoir of block B. Eight types of micromaterial tracers are utilized to label the fluid in each fracturing segment for assessing the connectivity between well B1 and adjacent wells B1-1 and B1-2. The results show that the anti-adsorption micromaterial tracer system exhibits minimal adsorption loss and can be well applied in segment monitoring in the horizontal fracturing well of coal reservoirs. The main productive segments of well B1 are #1, #4, and #8. Well B1 exhibits good connectivity with adjacent well B1-1 in segments #1, #4, #6, and #8. Conversely, all segments of well B1 exhibit poor connectivity with adjacent well B1-2. The results can provide a dependable reference for optimizing fracturing parameters, well spacing, and productivity evaluation in coal reservoirs. The results obtained in this study are consistent with the results obtained by using the four-dimensional (4D in short) image monitoring technology, which proves the good accuracy and reliability of the micromaterial tracer monitoring method.

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“…A larger tracer dispersion coefficient leads to an earlier arrival time for the tracer flowback concentration peak together with a lower TRF. This study can help us better understand the influence of parameters such as diffusion coefficient on the flow of gas tracers. , Abdulaziz focused on the gas tracer’s interwell connectivity and dynamic fluid flow and proposed a tracer breakthrough model. The model was closely combined with the tracer breakthrough curve and was capable of describing reservoir properties well and improving the developmental parameters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Gas Tracer Convection–Diffusion Model between Wells in Heavy Oil Reservoirs

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2021

ACS Omega

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Different from conventional oil and gas, the storage and seepage space of heavy oil reservoirs are extremely complicated, thereby making it difficult to describe reservoirs in detail over the heavy oil production process. Acquiring development results accurately in real time is still a demanding task, and it is also a challenge to predict the average remaining heavy oil saturation during the production process. Tracers are mostly used to monitor steam flooding to obtain the real-time dynamics during heavy oil production in fields. However, the flow pattern of gas tracers in heavy oil is still unclear, with very rare investigations. In this work, a new one-dimensional gas tracer convection–diffusion model that considered the retention and oil phase migration velocity was established using the percolation law of gas tracers. The reservoir description coefficient f was introduced to describe the relationship between the migration velocities of the oil and gas phases in the heavy oil reservoir. Subsequently, a new gas tracer well pattern flow model was also constructed based on the gas tracer linear flow model and verified simultaneously. The results revealed that at a larger partition coefficient, more amounts of gas tracers were distributed in the crude oil, the duration of stagnation was extended, and the start time of tracer production was moved backward. The injection velocity had a very minor effect on the tracer production performance. As the fluid injection rate increased, the duration of gas tracer production was extended; however, after the injection rate reached a certain level, the difference in the arrival time of the peak become minor. The effects of crude oil viscosity on the tracer production were reflected by the breakthrough time, production time, peak concentration, and peak arrival time of the tracer. Compared with the production curve of the crude oil viscosity, the peak of the production curve with high crude oil viscosity has a faster peak time and a large peak value. The reservoir description coefficient mainly affects the peak concentration of tracer production and has very minor effects on the production time and other parameters. The outcomes of this work can be applied in the field of heavy oil development, in particular, for the heavy oil reservoir description and dynamic monitoring.

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Subsurface monitoring and surveillance using inter-well gas tracers

Cited by 12 publications

References 9 publications

Application of micro-substance tracer test in fractured horizontal wells

Application of micro-substance tracer test in fractured horizontal wells

Study on an Anti-adsorption Micromaterial Tracer System and Its Application in Fracturing Horizontal Wells of Coal Reservoirs

New Gas Tracer Convection–Diffusion Model between Wells in Heavy Oil Reservoirs

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