Subsurface emissions from Mercury - VLA radio observations at 2 and 6 centimeters

Global Regolith Thermophysical Properties of the Moon From the Diviner Lunar Radiometer Experiment

“…Heat capacity is also temperature dependent; we used the data of Ledlow et al (1992) and Hemingway et al (1981) to derive a polynomial fit…”

Near-Surface Temperatures on Mercury and the Moon and the Stability of Polar Ice Deposits

“…The major results are that (i) the near surface layers on Mercury and the Moon are similar and spatially uniform over large scales, (ii) the mean temperature increases with depth in the top few centimeters, (iii) the density increases with depth as determined by radio emissions over a range of wavelengths, and (iv) the thermophysical properties change abruptly near the surface, as evidenced by rapid cooling of the uppermost layer just after sunset (or eclipse) followed by slow cooling of the surface during the night. Accordingly, thermal models that best match observations have modeled the regoliths as loosely packed particulate material with temperature-and depth-dependent thermophysical properties (Linsky 1966, Morrison 1970, Keihm and Langseth 1973, Cuzzi 1974, Ledlow et al 1992, Mitchell and de Pater 1994 and references therein). Mitchell and de Pater (1994) constructed a two-layer model that is largely consistent with the variety of lunar measurements and the radiometry of Mercury's surface from Mariner 10.…”

Mid-Infrared (8.1–12.5 μm) Imaging of Mercury

“…These are the first images of Mercury in this spectral region to be analyzed and published. They add to a growing body of observations and analysis leading to knowledge regarding Mercury's surface characteristics-thermal properties (Cuzzi 1974, Burns et al 1987, Ledlow et al 1992, Mitchell and DePater 1994 and surface composition (McCord and Clark 1979, Vilas et al 1984, Tyler et al 1988, Sprague et al 1994, Jeanloz et al 1995, Sprague et al 1997a, Blewett et al 1997, Emery et al 1998, Sprague and Roush 1998. Five types of analysis were used in an attempt to make discoveries about Mercury's surface composition from the flux measured in the images.…”