Substantiation of Parameters for Reducing the Toxicity Of Exhaust Gases of the Diesel Engine

Abstract

Annual emissions of more than 6 million tons of pollutants and carbon dioxide into Ukraine. Mostly polluting industrial enterprises. However, with the increase in the number of cars on the roads, the number of harmful emissions into the atmosphere has increased. Over the past few years, the amount of exhaust gas entering the air in major cities has increased by 50-70%. More than half of the pollutants are emitted by private cars: in 2019, 1.7 million tonnes of harmful substances fell on them, while the total amount of all car emissions was 2.3 million tonnes. This article highlights the problem of environmental pollution by the exhaust gases of diesel internal combustion engines. Ways to improve environmental performance are presented. The composition of the exhaust gases and their effects on the environment are analyzed. The standards of Euro - 1 Euro - 6, on the reduction of harmful substances in diesel fuel are considered. The modern environmental standards of Stage and Tier and the regulation of smoke by standards are given. A formula for the determination of harmful substances in the exhaust gases of cars and a formula for the determination of the smoke of gases are proposed. The ways of neutralizing the toxicity of the exhaust gases with the help of neutralizers and the reduction of soot by means of the diesel particulate filter are considered. Common Rail DRNR systems, EGR and Selective Neutralization (SCR) systems using Adblu reagent, its advantages and disadvantages are described. The comparative characteristics of EGR and SCR systems are presented. Gasoline engines are not considered in this article.