Substantial Weight Gain During Adulthood: The Road to Bariatric Surgery

McCullough, Peter A.; Sandberg, Keisha R.; Miller, Wendy; Odom, Jacqueline; Sloan, Kevin C.; Jong, Adam T. de; Nori, Katherine E.; Irving, Sarah D.; Krause, Kevin R.; Franklin, Barry A.

doi:10.1111/j.1520-037x.2005.3918.x

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…No weight history was obtained during data review, and the BMI at the time of comorbidity diagnosis was not obtained during the review. 18,19 In addition, diagnosis of weightreducing disease processes (e.g., cancer, HIV, anorexia) was not included. These points limit our analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency and prevalence of obesity and related comorbidities in West Texas

Edwards

Fairley

Lloyd

et al. 2019

Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings

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The aim of this cross-sectional study was to estimate the frequency and prevalence of obesity and its association with diabetes mellitus, systemic hypertension, hyperlipidemia, coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, and obstructive sleep apnea in West Texas adults. Data were extracted from 9528 clinic patients: 2287 (24.4%) were normal weight or underweight, and 7057 (75.5%) were overweight or obese (28.9% and 46.6%, respectively). We observed a lower prevalence of any degree of obesity in men compared to women (43.8% vs 48.6%). Diabetes mellitus (odds ratio [OR] ¼ 2.56; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.30-2.85), hypertension (OR ¼ 2.28; 95% CI, 2.06-2.53), hyperlipidemia (OR ¼ 1.90; 95% CI, 1.71-2.10), and obstructive sleep apnea (OR ¼ 7.18; 95% CI, 5.84-8.83) were associated with obesity. The association of coronary artery disease (OR ¼ 1.17; 95% CI, 1.03-1.33) with obesity was small, and myocardial infarction did not show any association with weight status. The frequency and prevalence of obesity are progressively increasing in West Texas adults and are linked to significant comorbidities, especially in low-income areas. Access to preventive interventions and further investigations are needed to slow the rising prevalence of obesity and its comorbidities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency and prevalence of obesity and related comorbidities in West Texas

Edwards

Fairley

Lloyd

et al. 2019

Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings

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“…However, in the last 20 years, there has been a marked increase in human adiposity and the rates of overweight and obese patients now far exceeds those of normal body size. In fact, the morbidly obese are the fastest growing segment of the US population (McCullough et al, 2005). As the abdomen becomes distended with adipose tissue, the hemidiaphragms are elevated, lung volumes reduced, and the heart takes on a characteristic leftward axis shift (Zack et al, 1984).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Audiocardiography in the cardiovascular evaluation of the morbidly obese

McCullough

Zerka

Heimbach

et al. 2010

Clin Physio Funct Imaging

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Morbid obesity is believed to limit cardiovascular auscultation. We compared audiocardiography to senior attending physicians using conventional stethoscopes in 190 individuals with morbid obesity. Overall, there were 128 (67.4%) women and 62 (32.6%) men with mean ages of 44.9 +/- 12.3 and 51.3 +/- 10.8 , respectively (P = 0.001). The overall body mass index (BMI) was 47.3 +/- 8.5 kg m(-2). Of those with an S(3) by audiocardiography (n = 7), one had a history of coronary artery disease (CAD), none had a history of heart failure, and one had a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) <45%. The mean LVEF was 58.6 +/- 9.9 versus 61.6 +/- 5.3 for those with and without an S(3) by audiocardiography (P = 0.16). By contrast, of those (n = 6) with an S(3) by stethoscope, one had a history of CAD, two had histories of heart failure, and 3 had LVEF < 45%. The mean LVEF of those with and without S(3) by stethoscope was 53.7 +/- 2.3 and 61.6 +/- 5.5%, respectively (P = 0.02). There were 40 (21.1%) patients with an S(4) (S(4) strength >5) identified by acoustic cardiography while there were 42 (22.1%) heard by the stethoscope and it was heard with both methods in nine patients (21.4% concordance). There were no significant correlations between BMI or peak oxygen consumption and S(3) or S(4) strength by audiocardiography. Acoustic cardiography performed with an electronic device was not helpful in assisting the cardiovascular examination of the morbidly obese. These data suggest the careful clinical exam with attention to traditional cardiac auscultation using a stethoscope in a quiet room should remain the gold standard.

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“…44,45 In addition, differences in the weight gain time course (eg, gradual gain since childhood vs rapid gain during adult life) appear to be related to diabetes and hypertension development. 46 Adiposity in African Americans may induce earlier hormonal failure in the CKD state, evidenced here by higher rates of anemia and secondary hyperparathyroidism, with a resultant earlier development of parenchymal fibrosis. These explanations argue for diet, exercise, and, potentially, surgery as means to reduce weight and affect disease course.…”

Section: Bomback Et Al S10mentioning

confidence: 93%