Substance use stigma: Reliability and validity of a theory-based scale for substance-using populations

Smith, Laramie R.; Earnshaw, Valerie A.; Copenhaver, Michael; Cunningham, Chinazo O.

doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.02.019

Cited by 129 publications

(161 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(66 reference statements)

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“…People with a history of substance use disorders are widely stigmatized, being stereotyped as irresponsible, dangerous, and out of control (Smith, Earnshaw, Copenhaver, & Cunningham, 2016). As a consequence, they are likely to be susceptible to experiences of stereotype threat and associated performance decrements.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stereotype threat and social function in opioid substitution therapy patients

Hippel

Henry

Terrett

et al. 2017

British J Clinic Psychol

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Concerns about being stereotyped can shape the social experiences of opioid substitution therapy patients. Opioid substitution therapy patients who feel negatively stereotyped experience greater social function deficits, and this relationship emerges after controlling for important clinical and mental health variables. Understanding the relationship between feeling stereotyped and social function may assist practitioners in their treatment. The study is cross-sectional, and thus, experimental or longitudinal research is required to determine the causal direction between stereotype threat and social function.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stereotype threat and social function in opioid substitution therapy patients

Hippel

Henry

Terrett

et al. 2017

British J Clinic Psychol

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“…Third, we focused specifically on HIV stigma and not other stigma-related experiences, (e.g. substance use stigma (63)), which has been found to have important interactive effects in the Russian context (22). Fourth, since these individuals were recruited from hospitals and other clinical settings with opportunity for education about HIV and harms associated with substance use, HIV stigma may have not have manifested in substance use.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV Stigma and Substance Use Among HIV-Positive Russians with Risky Drinking

et al. 2017

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The link between HIV stigma with substance use is understudied. We characterized individuals with high HIV stigma and examined whether HIV stigma contributes to substance use among HIV-positive Russians reporting risky alcohol use. We analyzed data from HERMITAGE, a randomized controlled trial of 700 people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) with past 6-month risky sex and risky alcohol use in St. Petersburg, Russia (2007-2011). Participants who were female and reported depressive symptoms and lower social support were more likely to endorse high HIV stigma (all p’s<0.001). In adjusted models, high HIV stigma was not significantly associated with the primary outcome unhealthy substance use and was not consistently associated with secondary substance use outcomes. Interventions to enhance social and mental health support for PLWHA, particularly women, may reduce stigma, though such reductions may not correspond to substantial decreases in substance use among this population.

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“…Substance use disorders affect 8.1% of the United States population aged 12 or older (Lipari et al, 2016), are highly comorbid, and associated with debilitating consequences (Grant et al, 2015, 2016), such as medical complications, financial difficulties (Allensworth-Daviews et al, 2012; Blanchard et al, 2003), and stigma (Room, 2005; Earnshaw et al, 2013, 2015; Smith et al, 2016). While stigma towards substance use and people who use substances is well-documented (Kennedy-Hendricks et al, 2016, 2017; Kulesza et al, 2015; MacCoun, 2013; Pescosolido et al, 2010), its impact on stigmatized persons continues to be understudied and poorly understood (Corrigan et al, 2017; Kulesza et al, 2013; National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, 2016; Smith et al, 2016).…”

Section: 0 Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While stigma towards substance use and people who use substances is well-documented (Kennedy-Hendricks et al, 2016, 2017; Kulesza et al, 2015; MacCoun, 2013; Pescosolido et al, 2010), its impact on stigmatized persons continues to be understudied and poorly understood (Corrigan et al, 2017; Kulesza et al, 2013; National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, 2016; Smith et al, 2016). We add to the literature by evaluating the relationship between internalized stigma and substance use problems (SUP), defined as negative consequences of substance use such as legal or financial problems (Blanchard et al, 2003).…”

Section: 0 Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this paper, we specifically focused on the relationship between internalized stigma and SUP among primary care patients with opioid and/or alcohol use disorders (OAUDs) for the following reasons. First, there is preliminary evidence that internalized stigma is significantly related to more SUP and other treatment outcomes such as lower quality of life and greater engagement in HIV high-risk behaviors (Earnshaw et al, 2015; Kulesza et al, 2013, Smith et al, 2016). However, these findings are based predominantly on the data from specialty addiction treatment settings (i.e., hospitals, addiction rehabilitation centers, mental health clinics), which may not accurately reflect experiences of primary care patient population.…”

Section: 0 Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Internalized stigma as an independent risk factor for substance use problems among primary care patients: Rationale and preliminary support

Kulesza

Watkins

Ober

et al. 2017

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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Background Little is known about internalized stigma among primary care patients, and whether the presence of internalized stigma is related to the severity of substance use problems independent of substance use-related variables. We sought to examine the relationship between internalized stigma and substance use problems among primary care patients with opioid or alcohol use disorders (OAUDs). Methods We present baseline data from 393 primary care patients who were enrolled in a study of collaborative care for OAUDs. Regression analyses examined the relationship between internalized stigma and substance use problems, controlling for demographics, psychiatric comorbidity, and quantity/frequency of use. Results The majority of participants reported thinking, at least sometimes, that they “have permanently screwed up” their lives (60%), and felt “ashamed” (60%), and “out of place in the world” (51%) as a result of their opioid or alcohol use. Higher internalized stigma was significantly related to more substance use problems (β = 2.68, p<0.01), even after the effects of covariates were accounted for. Stigma added 22%, out of 51% total variance explained, leading to a significant improvement in prediction of substance use problems. Conclusions Among this group of primary care patients with OAUDs, rates of internalized stigma were comparable to those reported in specialty substance use treatment settings. Consistent with extant specialty care literature, our results suggest that internalized stigma may be a unique contributor that is associated with treatment outcomes, such as substance use problems, among primary care patients with OAUDs.

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Substance use stigma: Reliability and validity of a theory-based scale for substance-using populations

Cited by 129 publications

References 38 publications

Stereotype threat and social function in opioid substitution therapy patients

Stereotype threat and social function in opioid substitution therapy patients

HIV Stigma and Substance Use Among HIV-Positive Russians with Risky Drinking

Internalized stigma as an independent risk factor for substance use problems among primary care patients: Rationale and preliminary support

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