Substance use patterns in 9-10 year olds: Baseline findings from the adolescent brain cognitive development (ABCD) study

Sociodemographic differences in youth alcohol sipping's nomological network

“…As was reported by Lisdahl et al (2021), sipping outside of a religious context was associated with increased odds of being male (Cohen's d = 0.05); White or Hispanic (ds = 0.16, 0.07); either not religious or practicing a religion where drinking alcohol is a part of a religiously sanctioned practice (ds = 0.18, 0.10); having parents that are either married or separated/divorced compared with being never married (ds = 0.08, 0.05); higher levels of parental education, with having parents who did not complete high school being especially protective against sipping (ds ranged from 0.08 to 0.20); and higher levels of combined family income (OR = 1.26, β = 0.29; see Table S8 for more information).…”

“…Importantly, this research covaried the sociodemographic characteristics examined here, which precluded the detection of any potential group differences. In other research on the ABCD cohort, Lisdahl et al (2021) found (1) that boys were significantly more likely to have sipped by age 9 or 10 than girls; (2) that White youth were more likely than Black youth to have sipped; and (3) that youth from married as opposed to unmarried households were more likely to have sipped.…”

“…Although much of the literature has focused on gender or race and ethnicity differences in alcohol consumption, we focused on an even broader set of sociodemographic characteristics. We did so to examine whether the field's near exclusive focus on gender and race/ethnicity is insufficient, especially given that there are established mean‐level differences in sipping across other sociodemographic variables (i.e., parental marital status; Lisdahl et al, 2021).…”

Caffeinated soda intake in children is associated with neurobehavioral risk factors for substance misuse

“…Alcohol sipping was measured with a self-report from youth using iSay Sip Inventory, which is being collected once a year and asked only to children who had heard of alcohol (see 10 Lisdahl et al (2021) for more details). From the year 1 data (Data Release 3.0), we used a binary response to a single question asking if they have sipped alcohol outside of a religious ceremony.…”

“…Existing literature examining the associations between caffeine consumption and later substance use focused more on adolescents who drink multiple caffeinated beverages on a daily basis, partially due to the fact that consumption level of coffee and energy drink is extremely low in children, 0.4% for coffee and less than 0.1% for energy drinks in 9-10 years old (Lisdahl et al, 2021). However, caffeinated soda is the most preferred and accessible mode of caffeine intake in children (Temple, 2009; Vercammen et al, 2019; Sylvetsky et al, 2020).…”