Substance Use: Impact on Adherence and HIV Medical Treatment

Gonzalez, Adam; Barinas, Jennifer; O’Cleirigh, Conall

doi:10.1007/s11904-011-0093-5

Cited by 164 publications

(127 citation statements)

References 114 publications

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“…Substance use is also associated with nonadherence. 41 In the same way, alcohol consumption demonstrates a relationship to poor adherence. 42 On the other hand, our study showed a significant relationship between adherence and being ART naïve.…”

Section: ■■ Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Concurrent Use of Comedications Reduces Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy Among HIV-Infected Patients

Cantudo-Cuenca¹,

Jiménez-Galán²,

González³

et al. 2014

JMCP

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BACKGROUND: The use of highly active antiretroviral therapy has significantly reduced morbidity and mortality, thus increasing life expectancy of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals, transforming HIV into a chronic disease. Accordingly, there has been an increase in the number of comorbidities concomitantly present in these individuals and also an increased use of comedications, which may negatively impact antiretroviral therapy adherence. These factors can affect adherence to antiretroviral therapy. The role of the HIV clinical pharmacist is essential to achieve therapeutic objectives and enhance adherence.

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Section: ■■ Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Concurrent Use of Comedications Reduces Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy Among HIV-Infected Patients

Cantudo-Cuenca¹,

Jiménez-Galán²,

González³

et al. 2014

JMCP

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“…For example, lifestyles of substance abuse may have negative effects on adherence to medication. [3][4][5][6] Likewise, the factors affecting adherence may differ in specific subgroups, such as pregnant women for whom concerns for fetal safety may be a reason for not taking medication as prescribed. 7 Irrespective of the underlying factors for poor adherence, it has nefarious consequences on clinical outcomes, reduces quality of life, and wastes medication.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interventions for Enhancing Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy (ART): A Systematic Review of High Quality Studies

Mbuagbaw

Sivaramalingam

Navarro

et al. 2015

AIDS Patient Care and STDs

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We sought to review the effectiveness of interventions designed to improve adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) from studies included in a recent Cochrane review that reported a clinical and an adherence outcome, with at least 80% follow-up for 6 months or more. Data were extracted independently and in duplicate, with an adjudicator for disagreements. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Of 182 relevant studies in the Cochrane review, 49 were related to ART. Statistical pooling was not warranted due to heterogeneity in interventions, participants, treatments, adherence measures and outcomes. Many studies had high risk of bias in elements of design and outcome ascertainment. Only 10 studies improved both adherence and clinical outcomes. These used the following interventions: adherence counselling (two studies); a once-daily regimen (compared to twice daily); text messaging; web-based cognitive behavioral intervention; face-to-face multi-session intensive behavioral interventions (two studies); contingency management; modified directly observed therapy; and nurse-delivered home visits combined with telephone calls. Patient-related adherence interventions were the most frequently tested. Uniform adherence measures and higher quality studies of younger populations are encouraged.

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“…In considering the role of these medications, it will be crucial for investigators to take into account adherence because being prescribed an antiretroviral medication does not necessarily mean an individual is taking is regularly. Research is limited and findings are mixed as to whether marijuana use lowers adherence or increases it potentially by reducing unpleasant side effects [91], and it may be that dependent individuals are negatively impacted whereas casual users are not [92].…”

Section: Critique Of the Current Literature And Future Research Priormentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of marijuana use on memory in HIV-infected patients: a comprehensive review of the HIV and marijuana literatures

Skalski¹,

Toweb²,

Sikkemaa³

et al. 2016

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Background-The most robust neurocognitive effect of marijuana use is memory impairment. Memory deficits are also high among persons living with HIV/AIDS, and marijuana is the most commonly used drug in this population. Yet research examining neurocognitive outcomes resulting from co-occurring marijuana and HIV is limited.Objective-The primary objectives of this comprehensive review are to: (1) examine the literature on memory functioning in HIV-infected individuals; (2) examine the literature on memory functioning in marijuana users; (3) synthesize findings and propose a theoretical framework to guide future research. Results-Among HIV-infected individuals, memory deficits with medium to large effect sizes were observed. Marijuana users also demonstrated memory problems, but results were less consistent due to the diversity of samples. Method-PubMedConclusion-A compensatory hypothesis, based on the cognitive aging literature, is proposed to provide a framework to explore the interaction between marijuana and HIV. There is some evidence that individuals infected with HIV recruit additional brain regions during memory tasks to compensate for HIV-related declines in neurocognitive functioning. Marijuana use causes impairment in similar brain systems, and thus it is hypothesized that the added neural strain of marijuana can exhaust neural resources, resulting in pronounced memory impairment. It will be important to test this hypothesis empirically, and future research priorities are discussed.

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Substance Use: Impact on Adherence and HIV Medical Treatment

Cited by 164 publications

References 114 publications

Concurrent Use of Comedications Reduces Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy Among HIV-Infected Patients

Concurrent Use of Comedications Reduces Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy Among HIV-Infected Patients

Interventions for Enhancing Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy (ART): A Systematic Review of High Quality Studies

The impact of marijuana use on memory in HIV-infected patients: a comprehensive review of the HIV and marijuana literatures

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