Substance-use disorders, personality traits, and sex differences in institutionalized adolescents

Habersaat, Stéphanie; Ramain, Julie; Mantzouranis, Gregory; Palix, Julie; Boonmann, Cyril; Fegert, Jörg M.; Schmeck, Klaus; Perler, Christian; Schmid, Marc; Urben, Sébastien

doi:10.1080/00952990.2018.1491587

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…One limitation of the study is that was not possible to diagnose personality orders with the diagnostic system DIA-X. However, antisocial, borderline, and paranoid personality disorders were associated strongly with substance-use disorders ( 58 – 60 ). Therefore, determining the prevalence of personality disorders would provide interesting insights into the mental health of this particular study population, which has an extremely high rate of substance abuse.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Criminalization Through Transinstitutionalization: A Critical Review of the Penrose Hypothesis in the Context of Compensation Imprisonment

Schildbach¹,

Schildbach²

2018

Front. Psychiatry

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In 1939, the Penrose hypothesis suggested that the number of psychiatric hospital beds was inversely related to the size of prison populations. Central to a causal interpretation of the Penrose hypothesis is the idea that a small proportion of any population requires institutional mental care. Several studies re-examining longitudinal and cross-sectional data found that a fall in available psychiatric hospital beds occurred over the same period as a rise in prisoner numbers. The observed inverse relationship was mostly interpreted as being the consequence of a lack of compassion for the disadvantaged in society, while other studies concluded that the correlation was spurious and determined by confounders. In Germany, Austria, and Switzerland, lawbreakers who are unwilling or unable to pay a fine for committing a petty crime such can face compensation imprisonment. Every tenth German detainee serves compensation imprisonment with an average incarceration time of 2–3 months. We analyzed the social-economic backgrounds and the levels of mental disorders in four populations of compensation prisoners, consisting of 100 participants each, in the German capital Berlin in 1999, 2004, 2010, and 2017. Largely, the compensation prisoners were homeless, single, and unemployed, exhibited a high degree of substance abuse and showed an extraordinary high prevalence of mental disorders. Unfortunately, as the average stay in prison is short, there are no decisive concepts for social rehabilitation after imprisonment. In addition to a lack of resocialization, potential job loss, and social stigmatization, the newly acquired subcultural contacts facilitate reoffending. This study aims to give an overview of the medical, sociologic, and psychopathologic examinations on compensation prisoners. By analyzing trends in the prevalence of mental disorders, we will discuss the medical appropriateness and sociologic sense of compensation imprisonment with respect to the Penrose hypothesis. Thereby, we aim at shedding light on the question whether compensation imprisonment is an indispensable tool for law enforcement or if it is a punishment of the poor or mentally ill, which further deteriorates their unfavorable socio-economic situation. Finally, we will propose measures to reduce the number of reoffenders and to enable the compensation detainees to reintegrate successfully into society.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Criminalization Through Transinstitutionalization: A Critical Review of the Penrose Hypothesis in the Context of Compensation Imprisonment

Schildbach¹,

Schildbach²

2018

Front. Psychiatry

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“…Atrelada à escola, o contexto familiar é de suma importância no desenvolvimento de crianças e adolescentes, pois as relações estabelecidas nesse ambiente são decisivas em comportamentos anti ou pró-sociais 2,16 . As relações familiares aqui analisadas, mostraram que 27% dos adolescentes faziam parte de famílias nucleares compostas por pai e mãe, 21% pertencia a famílias reconstituídas (padrasto e madrasta), portanto, evidencia que a maioria mora com ambos os pais ou pelo menos com um dos pais.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…A institucionalização, vista a partir de um caráter de problema social e de saúde que afeta a maior parte dos territórios, é desencadeada a partir da ocorrência do ato infracional e da construção do sujeito individual e social dentro de um cenário de vulnerabilidade e violência. Os transtornos de personalidade associados ao uso de substâncias psicoativas são considerados fatores agravantes ao desenvolvimento do ato infracional 2 .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Adolescent institutionalization in semi-liberty: the scenario of social and health vulnerabilities in an Amazon region

et al. 2022

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“…Herbasaat (2018) linked the characteristics of these PD to SUD to reduce internal tension. 21 Based on sex distribution, the prevalence of SUD between men and women with a BPD is similar. However, in the treatment sample, men were over-represented which indicated men had more severe substance use difficulties than women as shown in Table 1.…”

Section: Between Personality Disorder and Substance Use Disordermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bernstein, Stein and Handelsman (in Herbasaat, 2018) found that antisocial behaviour was very common among drug users and other substance abusers, where 25-50% of those diagnosed with SUD also met the criteria for antisocial personality disorder. 21 Antisocial PD (APD) tend to have more severe alcohol use disorders with earlier onset of consumption and more rapid development of dependent symptoms. 17 APD traits such as deficits in executive function and response regulation, and anxietyimpulsive personality traits also have a greater tendency to develop cocaine and amphetamine use disorders.…”

Section: Between Personality Disorder and Substance Use Disordermentioning

confidence: 99%

An aspect of personality disorder in substance use disorder

2022

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Substance use disorder (SUD) remains a health problem for a long time and the number of substance abuse was relatively the same every year. The prevalence of substance abuse in Indonesia in 2011 is about 2.23%, it was slightly decreased in 2014 become 2.18% and 1.77% in 2017. However, the prevalence was increased again in 2019 become 1.80%. Previous studies had shown a strong association between personality disorder (PD) and SUD. The result of the national comorbidity survey replication by Glantz et al in the United States (US) found that patients with PD tend to experience SUD (odd ratio=4.9). All types of PD had been reported in the patients with SUD, but antisocial and borderline personality disorder was the most commonly found. Antisocial, borderline, and paranoid personalities had a positive association with SUD, meanwhile, obsessive-compulsive personalities had a negative association with SUD.

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Substance-use disorders, personality traits, and sex differences in institutionalized adolescents

Abstract: This study provides a relative evidence for sex specificities in the relation between PD traits and SUD.

Cited by 13 publications

References 35 publications

Criminalization Through Transinstitutionalization: A Critical Review of the Penrose Hypothesis in the Context of Compensation Imprisonment

Criminalization Through Transinstitutionalization: A Critical Review of the Penrose Hypothesis in the Context of Compensation Imprisonment

Adolescent institutionalization in semi-liberty: the scenario of social and health vulnerabilities in an Amazon region

An aspect of personality disorder in substance use disorder

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