Substance use disorders in schizophrenia Review, integration, and a proposed model

Blanchard, Jack J.; Brown, Seth A.; Horan, William P.; Sherwood, Andrea R.

doi:10.1016/s0272-7358(99)00033-1

Cited by 210 publications

(154 citation statements)

References 163 publications

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“…Findings suggests that taking care of chronic mental patients like schizophrenia pits stress and burden on the caregivers. 10 The level of caregiver distress has been related directly to the stress of the relative's psychosis and disturbed behaviors and co-morbidity such as depression, substance abuse, suicidal behavior among patients with psychiatric disorders will increase the psychiatric stress of the caregivers 11 . There is evidence that a large number of caregivers have rate of depressive symptoms as high as 38 to 68 %.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychiatric Morbidity among Caregivers of Schizophrenia Patients A Study in Tertiary Care Psychiatric Hospital in Dhaka

et al. 2015

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Background: Severe mental illness like schizophrenia has far-reaching consequence for both patients and caregivers and their relatives and they also experience feeling of loss and grief. They are confronted with uncertainty and emotion of shame, guilt and anger like the patients they feel stigmatized and socially isolated. Caring for a family member with schizophrenia is an enduring stressor and causes considerable amount of burden. Objective: To assess mental health status of the caregivers of schizophrenia patients. Methodology: This descriptive cross sectional study was done among the caregivers of schizophrenia patients in outpatient and inpatient department of National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), Dhaka, Bangladesh from September 2010 to February 2011. A semi-structured Questionnaire and General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28) were applied to the caregivers of schizophrenia patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Among the respondents whose GHO-28 score were 4 or above Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Non Patient (SCID-I/NP) version was applied to identify psychiatric disorders among the caregivers of schizophrenia.Results: Out of 272 respondents most of them were female (88.97%), housewife (72.42%) of 21 to 50 yrs age (80.51%). In this study 22.43% of respondents were suffering from different types of mental disorders. Among them major depressive disorder were most prevalent (11.8%). Other psychiatric disorders were found generalized anxiety disorder (4.8%), pain disorder (2.9%). Less common were panic disorder, social phobia, adjustment disorder and undifferentiated somatoform disorder (0.7% in each type).Conclusions: Significant proportions of the caregiver of schizophrenic patients were suffering from psychiatric disorders that did not get any psychiatric treatment.Journal of Current and Advance Medical Research 2015;2(1):12-17DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jcamr.v2i1.22581

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychiatric Morbidity among Caregivers of Schizophrenia Patients A Study in Tertiary Care Psychiatric Hospital in Dhaka

et al. 2015

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“…It is logical that substance dependence would occur during young adulthood, considering that adolescence is usually the period of initiation to drugs. 50,51 Generally, mental disorders also appear during young adulthood. 52 Impulsiveness is often a feature of co-occurring disorders, 53 especially personality disorders.…”

Section: 40mentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of Alcohol and Drug Dependence

Fleury¹,

Bamvita

Perreault

et al. 2014

Can J Psychiatry

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Objective: Our study sought to identify sociodemographic, clinical, life perception, and service use characteristics that distinguish new cases of people dependent on substances from the general population; and to determine predictors of substance dependence over a 2-year period. Variables that differentiate people dependent on substances according to sex and age were also assessed. Methods:Among 2434 people who took part in an epidemiologic catchment area health survey at baseline, 2.2% were identified with substance dependence at the second measurement time only. Using a comprehensive framework, various aspects were considered as predictors for multivariate statistics.Results: Participants with substance dependence at time 2 only showed worse clinical conditions, life events, life and health perception, and neighbourhood characteristics than other participants, but only 2.5% used health care services. Male sex, younger age, stigmatization, and impulsiveness were predictors of substance dependence. Regarding sex, females with dependence were only more likely to suffer from social phobia than males. In terms of age categories, participants over 50 with substance dependence were more likely to have a lower household income and less social support than younger people. Conclusion:Stigmatization was the strongest predictor of substance dependence. Our study also confirmed that males and younger people were more likely to have substance dependence. Anti-stigmatization, prevention, and outreach programs are needed to overcome the reluctance of this clientele to use health care services. Health professionals should also pay more attention to life and health perception and neighbourhood characteristics of newly identified drug users. W W W Prédicteurs de la dépendance à l'alcool et aux droguesObjectif : Notre étude cherchait à identifier les caractéristiques sociodémographiques, cliniques, et liées à la perception de la vie comme à l'utilisation des services qui distinguent les nouveaux cas de personnes dépendantes aux substances de la population générale; et à déterminer les prédicteurs de la dépendance aux substances sur une période de 2 ans. Les variables qui différencient les personnes dépendantes aux substances selon le sexe et l'âge ont aussi été évaluées.Méthodes : Chez 2434 personnes qui ont pris part à une enquête de santé épidémiologique d'un secteur hospitalier au départ, 2,2 % ont été identifiées comme ayant une dépendance aux substances au deuxième temps de mesure seulement. À l'aide d'un cadre détaillé, divers aspects ont été étudiés en tant que prédicteurs de statistiques multivariées.Résultats : Les participants ayant une dépendance aux substances au temps 2 seulement présentaient des conditions cliniques, des événements de vie, des perceptions de la vie

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“…Blanchard et al found that in individuals suffering from schizophrenia, disinhibition was associated with greater maladaptive skills such as avoidance coping, leading to an increased degree of substance use [11]. In a subsequent review, he proposed a model of substance abuse in which impulsivity interacting with daily stress exacerbates substance use in psychosis [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impulsivity, Sensation Seeking and Anhedonia as Possible Explanations for Cannabis Abuse Comorbidity among First Psychotic Episode Inpatients

Katz¹,

Kunyvsky²,

Hornik-Lurie³

et al. 2017

J Addict Res Ther

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Objective: There have been relatively few reported carefully constructed studies to date concerning the link between psychoactive substance abuse among first-episode psychotic individuals and specific behavioral aspects that might clarify the comorbidity. Using standard toxicological testing, we compared consecutively admitted inpatients diagnosed with first psychotic episode with and without lifetime and/or active (last month) cannabis abuse or dependence and the levels of impulsivity, sensation seeking and anhedonia.Methods: Ninety-one consecutively admitted psychiatric patients diagnosed using the DSM-IV criteria with a first psychotic episode due to schizophrenia, schizophreniform disorder, bipolar disorder, brief psychotic episode, and psychosis NOS disorder were included in the study. Patients were aged 18 to 41 (mean 27.1+9.2); seventy-six of the patients (83.5%) were males. Standard urine tests for tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) were performed and self-report questionnaires were administered during the first 48 h after admission. The following rating scales were used: the PANSS (Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), the Barratt Impulsivity Scale (a 34-item self-report), the Zuckerman Sensation-Seeking Scale (form V), and the Chapman Physical Anhedonia Scale (a 61-item self-report).Results: According to bivariate correlations, the PANSS Positive Scale was significantly correlated with the Barratt Rating Scale (0.260; p ≤ 0.05) and the PANSS Negative with Physical Anhedonia Scale (0.389, p ≤ 0.001). Rates for the Zuckerman Rating Scale (f=20.1, p ≤ 0.001) and the Barratt Rating Scale (f=5.15, p ≤ 0.05) were significantly higher in the group of cannabis abusers with no clear difference between abusers and nonusers in the PANSS and the Physical Anhedonia Scale. Conclusion:The results of the study showed high levels of impulsivity and sensation seeking in the group of inpatients suffering from first psychotic episode and cannabis abuse comorbidity compared to first-episode inpatients with no substance abuse.

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Substance use disorders in schizophrenia Review, integration, and a proposed model

Cited by 210 publications

References 163 publications

Psychiatric Morbidity among Caregivers of Schizophrenia Patients A Study in Tertiary Care Psychiatric Hospital in Dhaka

Psychiatric Morbidity among Caregivers of Schizophrenia Patients A Study in Tertiary Care Psychiatric Hospital in Dhaka

Predictors of Alcohol and Drug Dependence

Impulsivity, Sensation Seeking and Anhedonia as Possible Explanations for Cannabis Abuse Comorbidity among First Psychotic Episode Inpatients

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Substance use disorders in schizophrenia Review, integration, and a proposed model

Cited by 210 publications

References 163 publications

Psychiatric Morbidity among Caregivers of Schizophrenia Patients  A Study in Tertiary Care Psychiatric Hospital in Dhaka

Psychiatric Morbidity among Caregivers of Schizophrenia Patients  A Study in Tertiary Care Psychiatric Hospital in Dhaka

Predictors of Alcohol and Drug Dependence

Impulsivity, Sensation Seeking and Anhedonia as Possible Explanations for Cannabis Abuse Comorbidity among First Psychotic Episode Inpatients

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Psychiatric Morbidity among Caregivers of Schizophrenia Patients A Study in Tertiary Care Psychiatric Hospital in Dhaka

Psychiatric Morbidity among Caregivers of Schizophrenia Patients A Study in Tertiary Care Psychiatric Hospital in Dhaka