Substance Use Disorders and Adoption: Findings from a National Sample

Yoon, Gihyun; Westermeyer, Joseph; Warwick, Marion; Kuskowski, Michael A.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0049655

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Research has established that AUD aggregates in families (4). An extensive body of evidence from twin (5,6), adoption (6)(7)(8), and family studies (9)(10)(11) has demonstrated that parental AUD is a strong risk factor for offspring AUD. Moreover, parental alcohol drinking and parental AUD have been associated with drinking behavior (12,13), positive alcohol expectancies (14), drinking at an early age (15,16), frequent drinking (9), and alcohol-related problems (17).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parental alcohol use disorder with and without other mental disorders and offspring alcohol use disorder

Holst

Tolstrup

Sørensen

et al. 2019

Acta Psychiatr Scand

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ObjectiveTo examine the association between parental alcohol use disorder (AUD) with and without other mental disorders and offspring AUD.MethodsUsing data from Danish nationwide registers, we identified 15 477 offspring with parental AUD and 154 392 reference individuals from the general population. Parental AUD was defined as registration for AUD treatment. Parental mental disorders were identified in medical registers and comprised psychotic, mood, anxiety, personality, drug use, and other non‐alcohol‐related mental disorders. AUD in offspring was identified from medical, pharmacy, treatment and cause of death registers. Hazard ratios (HRs) of AUD were estimated using Cox regression models.ResultsAUD in one or both parents was associated with higher risks of AUD in offspring compared with reference individuals. Paternal AUD plus other mental disorder (HR = 2.27, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.10–2.46) and paternal AUD alone (HR = 2.21, 95% CI: 2.07–2.36) were associated with higher offspring AUD risk. Similarly, maternal AUD plus other mental disorder (HR = 3.02, 95% CI: 2.66–3.43) and maternal AUD alone (HR = 2.57, 95% CI: 2.20–3.01) were associated with higher offspring AUD risk.ConclusionsOffspring with parental AUD are at increased risk of AUD irrespective of exposure to other parental mental disorders.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parental alcohol use disorder with and without other mental disorders and offspring alcohol use disorder

Holst

Tolstrup

Sørensen

et al. 2019

Acta Psychiatr Scand

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“…Increased rates of suicidal behaviour, completed suicide, psychiatric admissions, schizophrenia, depression and substance misuse have been described for adults who had been part of national and international adoptions (Hjern 2002; Tieman 2005; von Borczyskowski 2006; Cantor-Graae 2007; Laubjerg 2009; van der Vegt 2009; Yoon 2012), but a meta-analysis of these data is not yet available. Recent data on mental health service usage by adopted individuals are not available.…”

Section: Experience Of Public Care and Adoption And Mental Health Oumentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical work with people affected by public care or adoption

Hillen

Wright

2015

BJPsych advances

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SummaryMost individuals who have lived in foster homes, residential care or adoptive families for substantial periods (‘people affected by public care or adoption’) show normal psychological adjustment as adults, although rates of mental disorders, hospital admission and suicide are increased. Research focusing on the experiences of this group of people can help professionals better understand their behaviour and attitude towards help. Psychiatric symptoms can be multifaceted, including complex trauma presentations. The specific mental health needs of this population are increasingly being recognised in child and adolescent mental health services but less so in adult services. In this article we describe life experiences of people affected by public care or adoption, examine the lifelong impact of these experiences on mental health and functioning, and offer practical suggestions for clinical work with them.

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“…We found no published analyses of the NESARC data that focused on cocaine and opioid co-use. Also, most prior Wave 1 NESARC analyses have focused on lifetime substance use and/or diagnoses (e.g., Florez-Salamanca et al, 2013; Grella, Karno, Warda, Niv, & Moore, 2009; Lev-Ran, Imtiaz, Rehm, & Le Foll, 2013; Saha et al, 2012; Vaughn, Fu, Perron, Bohnert, & Howard, 2010; Wu Woody, Yang, & Blazer, 2010; 2011; Yoon, Westermeyer, Warwick, & Kuskowski, 2012), however current status arguably has greater clinical relevance. Two investigations by Wu et al (2010; 2011) are most relevant to the present study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparisons of Cocaine-Only, Opioid-Only, and Users of Both Substances in the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC)

Leeman

Sun

Bogart

et al. 2016

Substance Use & Misuse

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Background Cocaine and opioid co-use is a notable public health concern, but little is known about correlates of this behavior. Most prior findings come from treatment samples and concern cocaine and heroin. Findings from a nationally-representative sample involving primarily prescription opioid misuse would expand knowledge. Methods Past-12-month cocaine and/or opioid users in Wave 1 of the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC) formed the sample (N=839). Cocaine-only, opioid-only and cocaine/opioid co-users were compared regarding sociodemographics, other substance involvement, psychiatric and medical conditions/events. Results Opioid-only users were the largest group (n=622), followed by cocaine-only (n=144) and co-users (n=73). The vast majority of opioid misuse was of prescription opioids (1.4% with past-12-month use of heroin). Notably, co-users did not differ from single drug users in frequency of use of either drug. Co-users did not have significantly greater incidence of any psychiatric conditions, medial conditions or events. In preliminary analyses, co-users were more likely than either single use group to report several classes of other drug use. However, for most comparisons, opioid use did not add substantial risk beyond cocaine use. Differences on multiple sociodemographic variables suggested opioid-only users were at lowest risk of negative outcomes. These results may relate to a finding that opioid-only users were less likely to have sought treatment. Conclusions/Importance This sample of past-12-month cocaine and/or opioid users had greater involvement with other substances, more psychiatric and medical conditions compared to the general population. Co-users had greater involvement with other substances than opioid-only users in particular.

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Substance Use Disorders and Adoption: Findings from a National Sample

Cited by 21 publications

References 42 publications

Parental alcohol use disorder with and without other mental disorders and offspring alcohol use disorder

Parental alcohol use disorder with and without other mental disorders and offspring alcohol use disorder

Clinical work with people affected by public care or adoption

Comparisons of Cocaine-Only, Opioid-Only, and Users of Both Substances in the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC)

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