Substance use and mental health problems among graduate students: Individual and program-level correlates

Allen, Hannah K.; Lilly, Flavius R.W.; Green, Kerry M.; Zanjani, Faika; Vincent, Kathryn B.; Arria, Amelia M.

doi:10.1080/07448481.2020.1725020

Cited by 34 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…www.nature.com/scientificreports/ Structural-and individual-level interventions will be needed to reduce the burden of mental ill-health among Ph.D. students worldwide 31,86 . Despite the high prevalence of mental health and substance use problems 87 , Ph.D. students demonstrate low rates of help-seeking 40,52,88 . Common barriers to help-seeking include fears of harming one's academic career, financial insecurity, lack of time, and lack of awareness [89][90][91] , as well as health care systems-related barriers, including insufficient numbers of culturally competent counseling staff, limited access to psychological services beyond time-limited psychotherapies, and lack of programs that address the specific needs either of Ph.D. students in general 92 or of Ph.D. students belonging to marginalized groups 93,94 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic review and meta-analysis of depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation among Ph.D. students

Satinsky

Kimura²,

Kiang

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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University administrators and mental health clinicians have raised concerns about depression and anxiety among Ph.D. students, yet no study has systematically synthesized the available evidence in this area. After searching the literature for studies reporting on depression, anxiety, and/or suicidal ideation among Ph.D. students, we included 32 articles. Among 16 studies reporting the prevalence of clinically significant symptoms of depression across 23,469 Ph.D. students, the pooled estimate of the proportion of students with depression was 0.24 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.18–0.31; I2 = 98.75%). In a meta-analysis of the nine studies reporting the prevalence of clinically significant symptoms of anxiety across 15,626 students, the estimated proportion of students with anxiety was 0.17 (95% CI, 0.12–0.23; I2 = 98.05%). We conclude that depression and anxiety are highly prevalent among Ph.D. students. Data limitations precluded our ability to obtain a pooled estimate of suicidal ideation prevalence. Programs that systematically monitor and promote the mental health of Ph.D. students are urgently needed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic review and meta-analysis of depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation among Ph.D. students

Satinsky

Kimura²,

Kiang

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…Furthermore, graduate students experienced depression and anxiety six times more frequently than the general population, as approximately 40% of graduate students reported moderate to severe depression and anxiety, compared to 18% in the general world population [Anxiety & Depression Association of America (ADAA), 2021]. Rates among psychology graduate programs may be even worse in comparison to other areas of study, as students in the behavioral and social sciences reported greater depression rates in comparison to students in engineering (Allen et al, 2020). Furthermore, an APA survey found that 87% of psychology graduate students reported having anxiety, 68% experienced depressive symptoms, and 19% reported suicidal ideation, all three of which are higher than the national average (Willyard, 2012).…”

Section: Graduate Student Stress and Mental Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychology Doctoral Program Experiences and Student Well-Being, Mental Health, and Optimism During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Syropoulos

Burrows

et al. 2021

Front. Psychol.

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In a sample of 916 doctoral students from 144 universities across the United States, we examined psychology graduate students’ experiences in their programs, as well as their mental health, well-being, and optimism during the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. In a path model, we found that students’ psychological experiences in their programs (i.e., social belonging, threat, and challenge) were associated with better mental health and well-being, which in turn was associated with greater optimism about the future during the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings were also corroborated in students’ open-ended responses regarding how COVID-19 has impacted their lives. Findings varied by racial, gender, and sexual identities, as racial minorities, LGBTQ+ students, and women expressed more negative psychological experiences in their programs. We outline suggestions for graduate programs to support their graduate students, which include facilitating social connection, providing encouragement, and emphasizing students’ well-being over their productivity as the current pandemic persists.

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“…Only one study (Nogueira-Martins et al, 2004) used diagnostic criteria (ICD-10), and remaining 40 reports used screening tool including 16 measures, namely the PHQ-9 (Barreira et al, 2018;Barton & Bulmer, 2017;Bernanke et al, 2017;Eisenberg et al, 2007;Fang et al, 2019;Garcia-Williams et al, 2014;Hoying et al, 2020;Liu, Xiao, et al, 2020;Liu, Wang, et al, 2019;Melnyk et al, 2016;Nagy et al, 2019), Patient Health Questionnaire 2 (PHQ-2; Lilly et al, 2018), SCL-90 (Wang et al, 2018;Zhou et al, 2018), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI; Ahuja & Kumar, 2015;Allen et al, 2020;Humphreys, 2013;Selvaraj, 2016), Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale 21 (DASS-21; Madhan et al, 2012;Shayea, 2014;Vasugi & Hassan, 2019), Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale 42 (DASS-42; Humphreys, 2013;Shete & Garkal, 2015), CES-D (Peluso et al, 2011;Shadowena et al, 2019;Yary & Aazami, 2011), the revision of the Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D-R; The Graduate Assembly, 2015), Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS; Fang et al, 2019;Xu et al, 2020;Yousuf et al, 2011) Sekas and Marcia, 1980;Wyatt & Oswalt, 2013). The details are shown in Table S2.…”

Section: Characteristics Of Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and changes in depressive symptoms among postgraduate students: A systematic review and meta‐analysis from 1980 to 2020

Guo

Fan

et al. 2021

Stress and Health

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Education actively helps us develop our well-being and health, but postgraduate students are at high risk of depression. The prevalence of depression symptoms varies from 6.2% to 84.7% among them, and its changes throughout the years remains unclear. The present study aimed to estimate the real prevalence of depression symptoms among postgraduate students and the changes from 1980 to 2020. Thirty-seven primary studies with 41 independent reports were included in the meta-analysis (none reports were in high-quality, three were medium-to-high quality, 20 were low-to-medium quality, and 18 were low-quality), involving 27,717 postgraduate students. The pooled prevalence of overall, mild, moderate, and severe depression symptoms was 34% (95% CI: 28-40, I 2 = 98.6%), 27% (95% CI: 22-32, I 2 = 85.8%), 13% (95% CI: 8-21, I 2 = 97.3%), and 8% (95% CI: 6-11, I 2 = 81.0%), respectively. Overall, the prevalence of depression symptoms remained relatively constant through the years following 1980

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Substance use and mental health problems among graduate students: Individual and program-level correlates

Cited by 34 publications

References 34 publications

Systematic review and meta-analysis of depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation among Ph.D. students

Systematic review and meta-analysis of depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation among Ph.D. students

Psychology Doctoral Program Experiences and Student Well-Being, Mental Health, and Optimism During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Prevalence and changes in depressive symptoms among postgraduate students: A systematic review and meta‐analysis from 1980 to 2020

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