Substance-related problems among adolescents in child welfare services: A comparison between individuals receiving in-home services and those in foster care

Heradstveit, Ove; Gjertsen, Nathalie; Iversen, Anette Christine; Nilsen, Sondre Aasen; Askeland, Kristin Gärtner; Christiansen, Øivin; Hysing, Mari

doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105344

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Research has shown that adolescents involved in the child welfare system are identified as having relatively high rates of emotional and behavioural concerns (Burns et al, 2004;Southerland et al, 2009), and they were more likely to be receiving mental health services for concerns such as depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (Farmer et al, 2001(Farmer et al, , 2010Keller et al, 2010). Furthermore, adolescents involved in child welfare system have been found to have an increased risk of substance misuse regardless of whether they were living at home or placed in out-of-home care at the time of investigation (Fettes et al, 2013;Heneghan et al, 2013;Heradstveit et al, 2020), which also increased their likelihood of receiving an outof-home placement (Esposito et al, 2013). Older adolescents may also be susceptible to marginalization within the child welfare system because they are directly implicated as instigators of incidents within the home, particularly when behavioural issues are identified (Esposito et al, 2013).…”

Section: Older Adolescents and Child Welfare Involvementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responding to social and emotional vulnerability: Child welfare investigations involving older adolescents

King,

Fallon,

Lyons

et al. 2023

Child & Family Social Work

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In 2018, the child welfare system in Ontario, Canada, expanded the age of protection to include 16 and 17 year olds for the purpose of mitigating risk of harm for older adolescents. To date, there is little information regarding investigations of older adolescents, particularly in Ontario; this study will address this gap. Data used for this analysis were drawn from the Ontario Incidence Study of Reported Child Abuse and Neglect‐2018. The Ontario Incidence Study of Reported Child Abuse and Neglect‐2018 sample data were weighted to derive an annual incidence estimate of 155 649 maltreatment‐related investigations conducted in Ontario in 2018. Child, caregiver, household, and investigation characteristics were compared across three age groups: children (0–10), younger adolescents (11–15), and older adolescents (16–17). Characteristics and differences in the likelihood of a service response (referral to nonchild welfare services, transfer to ongoing child welfare services, or placement in out‐of‐home care during the investigation) were examined descriptively and using chi‐square automatic interaction detection. Half of investigations involving older adolescents received a service response, and they were more likely to receive a service response when there were concerns about future risk of harm, where there were concerns about the relationship between the adolescent and their caregivers, where internalizing or externalizing symptoms were noted, where caregivers had few social supports, and where the household experienced economic hardship. These findings suggest that older adolescents are being triaged for circumstances that reflect concerns about their vulnerability, including mental health needs, attachment concerns, and caregiver isolation.

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Section: Older Adolescents and Child Welfare Involvementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responding to social and emotional vulnerability: Child welfare investigations involving older adolescents

King,

Fallon,

Lyons

et al. 2023

Child & Family Social Work

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“…The remaining participants (i.e., those neither in contact with the CWS nor living with foster parents) were defined as the general population (GP: n = 9489, 96.9%). A detailed account of this operationalization is presented in a previous publication (Heradstveit et al, 2020).…”

Section: Child Welfare Contactmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental health, adverse life events and health service use among Norwegian youth in the child welfare system: Results from a population‐based study

Nilsen

Askeland

Loro

et al. 2021

Child & Family Social Work

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Youth within the child welfare system (CWS) have often experienced adverse life events, and many need support from health services. This study aimed to compare mental health problems and health service use among adolescents receiving in-home services (IHS), living in foster care (FC) and general population youth (GP). Data stem from the youth@hordaland survey, a population-based study of adolescents (N = 10,257, age 16-19) conducted in 2012 in Hordaland County, Norway. The adolescents provided self-reported data on CWS contact, health service use, adverse life events and multiple instruments assessing mental health problems. The IHS and FC groups had significantly higher symptom scores across most mental health measures than peers from the GP. Youth receiving IHS had significantly higher scores on measures of general internalizing and externalizing problems, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and depression compared with peers in FC. Those receiving IHS reported the highest health service use. Adverse life events accounted for a substantial part of the differences between the groups. Mental health problems are frequent among older adolescents within the CWS, especially among youth receiving IHS. Service providers and policymakers should be aware of the present and likely continued challenges faced by many of these youth.adolescence, adverse life events, child welfare, health services, mental health, youth | BACKGROUNDChildren exposed to poverty, inadequate parenting or maltreatment are at risk of mental health problems (

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“…During the last century, child welfare services worked mostly on removing children from problematic homes where parents were drug addicts, violent and abusive, poor, or had low educational attainment. In recent years, some of these practices have been placed under serious criticism as being severely socially and racially biased; socioeconomic disadvantages and adversities follow both children in care and after care into adulthood [ 27 , 28 ]. Hence, there has been a public outcry for child welfare services to change from punitive to supportive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Access to Public Support Systems Related to Severity of Adversities and Resilience among Adolescents

Huang¹,

Mossige

Solem

2022

Children

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Access to support systems is crucial for providing immediate assistance and treatment to children to counteract the long-term detrimental effects of various forms of violence. This study examines how adversity such as victimization of violence and self-injury behaviors among young people with their individual resilience is related to their access to support systems. The data used in our analysis are from two national youth surveys carried out in Norway in 2007 and 2015. We ask: To what degree do young people with experiences of violence gain access to support systems such as child welfare services, mental health services for children and youth, and pedagogical psychology services? Our results show that although not all young people who need help have gained access to support systems, victimization of violence and self-injury behavior significantly increase the likelihood of accessing these support systems. Our results also reveal a persistent effect of young people’s home socio-economic background on their unequal access to system support. More future research is needed on the subtle mechanisms and social–emotional implications of individual accessing system support from the macro-societal level and meso-system/family level.

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Substance-related problems among adolescents in child welfare services: A comparison between individuals receiving in-home services and those in foster care

Cited by 9 publications

References 45 publications

Responding to social and emotional vulnerability: Child welfare investigations involving older adolescents

Responding to social and emotional vulnerability: Child welfare investigations involving older adolescents

Mental health, adverse life events and health service use among Norwegian youth in the child welfare system: Results from a population‐based study

Access to Public Support Systems Related to Severity of Adversities and Resilience among Adolescents

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