Subretinal displacement of photoreceptor nuclei in human retina

Lai, Yin-Lok; Masuda, Kohji; Mangum, Michael D.; Lug, Raymond; MacRae, Douglas; Fletcher, Garry; Liu, Yung-Pin

doi:10.1016/0014-4835(82)90056-2

Cited by 27 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…Whether this observation illustrates a mechanism through which nuclear mispositioning may progressively affect neuronal communication and/or circuitry organization remains to be examined. To that regard, the mispositioning of cone photoreceptor nuclei appears to be a natural phenomenon associated with aging [58]–[60]. Indeed, the mislocalization of human cone photoreceptors nuclei into the OPL occurs at a slow pace early in life but markedly increases by age 30 [58] and even more so in human retina afflicted with age-related macular degeneration [59].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LINC Complexes Mediate the Positioning of Cone Photoreceptor Nuclei in Mouse Retina

et al. 2012

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It has long been observed that many neuronal types position their nuclei within restricted cytoplasmic boundaries. A striking example is the apical localization of cone photoreceptors nuclei at the outer edge of the outer nuclear layer of mammalian retinas. Yet, little is known about how such nuclear spatial confinement is achieved and further maintained. Linkers of the Nucleoskeleton to the Cytoskeleton (LINC complexes) consist of evolutionary-conserved macromolecular assemblies that span the nuclear envelope to connect the nucleus with the peripheral cytoskeleton. Here, we applied a new transgenic strategy to disrupt LINC complexes either in cones or rods. In adult cones, we observed a drastic nuclear mislocalization on the basal side of the ONL that affected cone terminals overall architecture. We further provide evidence that this phenotype may stem from the inability of cone precursor nuclei to migrate towards the apical side of the outer nuclear layer during early postnatal retinal development. By contrast, disruption of LINC complexes within rod photoreceptors, whose nuclei are scattered across the outer nuclear layer, had no effect on the positioning of their nuclei thereby emphasizing differential requirements for LINC complexes by different neuronal types. We further show that Sun1, a component of LINC complexes, but not A-type lamins, which interact with LINC complexes at the nuclear envelope, participate in cone nuclei positioning. This study provides key mechanistic aspects underlying the well-known spatial confinement of cone nuclei as well as a new mouse model to evaluate the pathological relevance of nuclear mispositioning.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LINC Complexes Mediate the Positioning of Cone Photoreceptor Nuclei in Mouse Retina

et al. 2012

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“…Whether a receptor degeneration as Lai et al (1982) found in cataractous eyes in histological sections, plays a role, is difficult to say. The amplitude reduction in the cataractous eyes is obviously an expression of the filtering effect of the opaque lens.…”

Section: The Erp In Different Eye Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The early receptor potential (ERP)

Müller

Töpke

1987

Doc Ophthalmol

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The ERP contains information on the function of the outer segments of the retinal photoreceptors. The authors have established normative values of the ERP and the factors which might be of influence hereupon. ERP findings in patients suffering from various eye diseases are given. Value and limitation of ERP recording are discussed in relation to the other clinically available electrodiagnostic tests.

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“…The existence of the nuclei of the photoreceptors out side of the outer limiting membrane has been inter preted as a model of physiological degeneration in rela tion to age [Lai, 1979;Lai et al, 1982b] and as a cause of continuous exposure to light [Lai and Jonas, 1978].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%