Subpicogram Per Milliliter Detection of Interleukins Using Silicon Photonic Microring Resonators and an Enzymatic Signal Enhancement Strategy

Kindt, Jared T.; Luchansky, Matthew S.; Qavi, Abraham J.; Lee, So Hyun; Bailey, Ryan C.

doi:10.1021/ac402972d

Cited by 57 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…In one recently demonstrated strategy for labeling, the WGM frequency shift signal is amplified by specifically binding a secondary antibody to the already bound analyte molecules, where this antibody is further tethered to a nanoparticle with a large polarizability [301]. In a related approach enzymes are used as labels tethered to secondary antibodies, so that the enzymes produce an insoluble product on the sensor surface after binding of the secondary antibody to the analyte [302]. A different molecular enhancement strategy addresses the problem of oligonucleotide receptors that exhibit effective dissociation constants in the nanomolar range.…”

Section: Sensingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whispering gallery mode sensors

2015

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We present a comprehensive overview of sensor technology exploiting optical whispering gallery mode (WGM) resonances. After a short introduction we begin by detailing the fundamental principles and theory of WGMs in optical microcavities and the transduction mechanisms frequently employed for sensing purposes. Key recent theoretical contributions to the modeling and analysis of WGM systems are highlighted. Subsequently we review the state of the art of WGM sensors by outlining efforts made to date to improve current detection limits. Proposals in this vein are numerous and range, for example, from plasmonic enhancements and active cavities to hybrid optomechanical sensors, which are already working in the shot noise limited regime. In parallel to furthering WGM sensitivity, efforts to improve the time resolution are beginning to emerge. We therefore summarize the techniques being pursued in this vein. Ultimately WGM sensors aim for real-world applications, such as measurements of force and temperature, or alternatively gas and biosensing. Each such application is thus reviewed in turn, and important achievements are discussed. Finally, we adopt a more forward-looking perspective and discuss the outlook of WGM sensors within both a physical and biological context and consider how they may yet push the detection envelope further.

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Section: Sensingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whispering gallery mode sensors

2015

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“…Hybrid WGM resonators (Section 5.1) have demonstrated femtomolar detection of BSA [18] and silica microrings can routinely achieve picomolar detection of proteins such as interleukin-2 [109]. …”

Section: Recent Developments In Biological and Chemical Sensingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Label-Free Biological and Chemical Sensing Using Whispering Gallery Mode Optical Resonators: Past, Present, and Future

2017

Sensors

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Sensitive and rapid label-free biological and chemical sensors are needed for a wide variety of applications including early disease diagnosis and prognosis, the monitoring of food and water quality, as well as the detection of bacteria and viruses for public health concerns and chemical threat sensing. Whispering gallery mode optical resonator based sensing is a rapidly developing field due to the high sensitivity and speed of these devices as well as their label-free nature. Here, we describe the history of whispering gallery mode optical resonator sensors, the principles behind detection, the latest developments in the fields of biological and chemical sensing, current challenges toward widespread adoption of these devices, and an outlook for the future. In addition, we evaluate the performance capabilities of these sensors across three key parameters: sensitivity, selectivity, and speed.

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“…Shifts in the resonant wavelength can be correlated with antigen binding events at the sensor surface. A body of work reports on the application of silicon-on-insulator (SOI) microring optical resonators for biodetection and promotes compatibility with existing semiconductor fabrication technologies [128,129,130,131]. More recently, SOI microring resonators based on sub-wavelength grating waveguides for use with TE polarized light have shown to improve detection sensitivity [132].…”

Section: Cytokine Sensors With Various Optical Modes Of Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Cytokine Biosensors with Optical Detection Modalities and Nanomaterial-Enabled Signal Enhancement

Singh

Truong

Reeves

et al. 2017

Sensors

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Protein biomarkers, especially cytokines, play a pivotal role in the diagnosis and treatment of a wide spectrum of diseases. Therefore, a critical need for advanced cytokine sensors has been rapidly growing and will continue to expand to promote clinical testing, new biomarker development, and disease studies. In particular, sensors employing transduction principles of various optical modalities have emerged as the most common means of detection. In typical cytokine assays which are based on the binding affinities between the analytes of cytokines and their specific antibodies, optical schemes represent the most widely used mechanisms, with some serving as the gold standard against which all existing and new sensors are benchmarked. With recent advancements in nanoscience and nanotechnology, many of the recently emerging technologies for cytokine detection exploit various forms of nanomaterials for improved sensing capabilities. Nanomaterials have been demonstrated to exhibit exceptional optical properties unique to their reduced dimensionality. Novel sensing approaches based on the newly identified properties of nanomaterials have shown drastically improved performances in both the qualitative and quantitative analyses of cytokines. This article brings together the fundamentals in the literature that are central to different optical modalities developed for cytokine detection. Recent advancements in the applications of novel technologies are also discussed in terms of those that enable highly sensitive and multiplexed cytokine quantification spanning a wide dynamic range. For each highlighted optical technique, its current detection capabilities as well as associated challenges are discussed. Lastly, an outlook for nanomaterial-based cytokine sensors is provided from the perspective of optimizing the technologies for sensitivity and multiplexity as well as promoting widespread adaptations of the emerging optical techniques by lowering high thresholds currently present in the new approaches.

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Subpicogram Per Milliliter Detection of Interleukins Using Silicon Photonic Microring Resonators and an Enzymatic Signal Enhancement Strategy

Cited by 57 publications

References 38 publications

Whispering gallery mode sensors

Whispering gallery mode sensors

Label-Free Biological and Chemical Sensing Using Whispering Gallery Mode Optical Resonators: Past, Present, and Future

Emerging Cytokine Biosensors with Optical Detection Modalities and Nanomaterial-Enabled Signal Enhancement

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