Submillimetric GPS distance measurement over short baselines: case study in inner consistency

Baselga, Sergio; García-Asenjo, Luis; Garrigues, Pascual

doi:10.1088/0957-0233/24/7/075001

Cited by 5 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(19 reference statements)

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“…Regarding the GNSS observation duration, the Good practice guide for high accuracy global navigation satellite system based distance metrology [9] indicates a minimum of 2 h, although better results can clearly be obtained with longer times: in [11] we suggested 10 h for a precise estimation of the distance, which is a similar result to that obtained by other researchers for the case of coordinate determination [21], and even better results are expected for observations spanning 24 h (where the residual periodic effects can be averaged out) or several days, such as in [22]. Also in agreement with the Good practice guide we prefer the use of L 1 carrier phase observations, provided the influence of the ionosphere in the double-differenced equations can be neglected or eliminated with sufficient accuracy (see the later section devoted to the ionospheric delay).…”

Section: Gnss-based Distance Metermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We started our research in submillimetric GNSS-based length determination, first analyzing the inner consistency of results [11], then with a first comparison with respect to a value obtained by absolute-scale transfer from the Nummela baseline with a Mekometer ME5000 [12], a type of comparison that has also been done by other authors (e.g. [13]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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GBDM+: an improved methodology for a GNSS-based distance meter

Baselga

García-Asenjo

Garrigues

et al. 2022

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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The determination of distances consistent with the definition of the base unit of length in the International System of Units (SI), the SI meter, with uncertainties of less than 1 ppm up to 5 km in the open air is a current challenge that is being increasingly required for different applications, including the determination of local ties, calibration baselines, and high precision geodetic metrology in singular scientific and engineering projects. The required knowledge of the index of refraction of the propagating medium at the same level of 1 ppm is a hard limit to the use of precise electronic distance meters, which has motivated the recent development of new two-color, refractivity compensated, electronic distance meter prototypes. As an alternative, the use of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) could benefit from their high scale stability although the lack of appropriate estimation of the uncertainties in their sources of error and their unknown propagation into the final result during the data processing has prevented a rigorous uncertainty analysis and, therefore, the use of GNSS for absolute distance determination. Stemming from our initial methodology for a GNSS-Based Distance Meter (GBDM) that was restricted to relatively horizontal baselines and distances up to 1 km only, we have improved the method so that its application range is extended to baselines of up to 5 km with a possibly significant height difference so that it provides the final baseline distance with the corresponding uncertainty derived from the uncertainties in the different error sources rigorously propagated through the equations by which the distance is finally determined. This improved methodology, named as GBDM+, constitutes a significant step forward in the application of GNSS to open air length metrology.

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Section: Gnss-based Distance Metermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

GBDM+: an improved methodology for a GNSS-based distance meter

Baselga

García-Asenjo

Garrigues

et al. 2022

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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“…However, it has to be emphasized, this is not the case if multipath or any other periodic effect plays a non-negligible role, such as in the case of submillimetric length determination, as it was shown in Baselga et al (2013). Being only interested in the case of short baselines the use of only L1 frequency observables is unquestionable, since they are less noisy than L2 observables or any linear combination of observables (Xu 2003).…”

Section: Functional Model and Solutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Submillimetric GPS distance measurement over short baselines: noise mitigation by global robust estimation

Baselga¹,

García-Asenjo²,

Garrigues³

2014

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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Abstract. The potential use of GPS for precise length determination is currently a topic of extensive research. A prior work was dedicated to submillimetric length determination over short baselines under ideal conditions of data availability and clear environment. This paper presents a new computation method suited to the less favourable working conditions that are usually encountered in practice, which is based on both robust estimation theory and the use of an ambiguity free estimation method. As the experimental comparisons with the standard procedure based on least squares ambiguity determination show, it provides more stable values and permits to obtain results significant to the submillimetre level with time spans of the order of a few hours.

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“…However, previous research conducted at the Department of Cartographic Engineering, Geodesy and Photogrammetry of the Universitat Politècnica de València (DICGF-UPV) showed the potential of GNSS techniques in terms of reproducibility for measuring distances over several hundred metres with uncertainties below one millimetre by using a functional model different from the traditional geodetic approach along with robust estimation [1, 23,24]. The initial assumptions, the functional models and the intended computing approach are described in Section 2.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Submillimetric GNSS-Based Distance Meter for Length Metrology

García-Asenjo

Baselga

Atkins

et al. 2021

Sensors

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Absolute distance determination in the open air with an uncertainty of a few tenths of a millimetre is increasingly required in many applications that involve high precision geodetic metrology. No matter the technique used to measure, the resulting distances must be proven consistent with the unit of length (SI-metre) as realized in the outdoor facilities traditionally used in length metrology, which are also known as calibration baselines of reference. The current calibration baselines of reference have distances in the range of 10 to 1000 m, but at present there is no solution on the market to provide distances with submillimetric precision in that range. Consequently, new techniques such as multi-wave interferometry, two-wave laser telemeters or laser trackers are being developed. A possible alternative to those sophisticated and expensive techniques is the use of widely used Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) in order to provide a GNSS-Based Distance Meter (GBDM). The use of a GBDM as a potential technique for length metrology has been thoroughly analysed in several European research projects by using the state-of-the-art geodetic software, such as Bernese 5.2, but no definite conclusions have been drawn and some metrological questions are considered still open. In this paper, we describe a dedicated approach to build up a submillimetric GBDM able to be applied in the current calibration baselines of reference, as well as possible methods to cope with the multipath error of the GNSS signals which is the major limitation for the practical uptaking of the technique in metrology. The accuracy of the proposed approach has been tested following the length metrology standards in four experiments carried out in the Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV). The results demonstrate that the proposed GBDM can provide an accuracy of a few tenths of a millimetre in the current calibration baselines of reference.

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Submillimetric GPS distance measurement over short baselines: case study in inner consistency

Cited by 5 publications

References 14 publications

GBDM+: an improved methodology for a GNSS-based distance meter

GBDM+: an improved methodology for a GNSS-based distance meter

Submillimetric GPS distance measurement over short baselines: noise mitigation by global robust estimation

Development of a Submillimetric GNSS-Based Distance Meter for Length Metrology

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