Submillimeter ionoacoustic range determination for protons in water at a clinical synchrocyclotron

Lehrack, Sebastian; Assmann, W.; Bertrand, D.; Henrotin, S.; Hérault, J.; Heymans, Vincent; Stappen, F. Vander; Thirolf, P. G.; Vidal, M.; Walle, Jarno van de; Parodi, Katia

doi:10.1088/1361-6560/aa81f8

Cited by 66 publications

(118 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In addition to the aforementioned approaches, in vivo range/dose verification utilizing proton‐induced acoustic (protoacoustic) signals is a very promising alternative solution. Since the concept was initially proposed by Askaryan, many groups have worked on a number of aspects including both numerical simulations and experimental measurements . Sulak et al experimentally detected acoustic signals produced by proton beams in fluid media and successfully demonstrated a thermal expansion model for this phenomenon .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation studies of time reversal‐based protoacoustic reconstruction for range and dose verification in proton therapy

Yu¹,

Li²,

Zhang³

et al. 2019

Medical Physics

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Purpose In vivo range verification in proton therapy is a critical step to help minimize range and dose uncertainty. We propose to employ a time reversal (TR)‐based approach using proton‐induced acoustics (protoacoustics) to reconstruct pressure/dose distribution in heterogeneous tissues. Methods The dose distribution of mono‐energetic proton pencil beam in a CT‐based patient phantom was calculated by Monte Carlo simulation. K‐wave toolbox was used to investigate protoacoustic pressurization, propagation and reconstruction in 2D. To address the tissue heterogeneity effect, a number of physical parameters, including mass density (ρ), speed of sound (c), volumetric thermal expansion coefficient (αV), isobaric specific heat capacity (Cp) and attenuation power law prefactor (α0), were empirically converted from CT number. The performance was evaluated using two figures of merit: mean square error (MSE) of pressure profiles and Bragg peak localization error (ΔBP). The impact of six parameters of the TR inversion was examined, including number of sensors, sampling duration, sampling timestep, spill time, noise level and number of iterations. Results The quantitative accuracy of TR reconstruction and its dependency on the selected parameters is presented. Under optimum conditions, the positioning accuracy of the Bragg peak can be controlled below 1 mm. For instance, MSE is 0.0123 and ΔBP is 0.59 mm under the following conditions (32 sensors, sampling duration: 600 µs, sampling timestep: 40 ns, spill time: 1 µs, no noise). Conclusions The feasibility of TR‐based protoacoustic reconstruction in 2D for proton range verification was first demonstrated. The approach is not only applicable to pencil beam, but also has potential to be extended to passive scattering systems.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation studies of time reversal‐based protoacoustic reconstruction for range and dose verification in proton therapy

Yu¹,

Li²,

Zhang³

et al. 2019

Medical Physics

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“…must be convolved with the temporal profile of the heating pulse, S(t) :

p false(boldr, t false) = \int_{- \infty}^{+ \infty} d t^{'} p_{δ} false(boldr, t - t^{'} false) S false(t^{'} false) .

S(t) is dependent on the source of ionizing radiation. In the case of photon beams produced by clinical linear accelerators S(t) is often rectangular in shape, while clinical synchrocyclotrons produce proton beams with Gaussian shaped pulses, both with full‐width half‐maximum lengths on the order of several microseconds.…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Depending on the used arrival time definition, an offset might be required . There is also ambiguity in the detector response that may introduce a delay that must be calibrated to accurately convert arrival time into distance …”

Section: Proton Therapy Range Verificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionizing radiation‐induced acoustics for radiotherapy and diagnostic radiology applications

et al. 2018

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Acoustic waves are induced via the thermoacoustic effect in objects exposed to a pulsed beam of ionizing radiation. This phenomenon has interesting potential applications in both radiotherapy dosimetry and treatment guidance as well as low-dose radiological imaging. After initial work in the field in the 1980s and early 1990s, little research was done until 2013 when interest was rejuvenated, spurred on by technological advances in ultrasound transducers and the increasing complexity of radiotherapy delivery systems. Since then, many studies have been conducted and published applying ionizing radiation-induced acoustic principles into three primary research areas: Linear accelerator photon beam dosimetry, proton therapy range verification, and radiological imaging. This review article introduces the theoretical background behind ionizing radiation-induced acoustic waves, summarizes recent advances in the field, and provides an outlook on how the detection of ionizing radiationinduced acoustic waves can be used for relative and in vivo dosimetry in photon therapy, localization of the Bragg peak in proton therapy, and as a low-dose medical imaging modality. Future prospects and challenges for the clinical implementation of these techniques are discussed.

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“…On the other hand, range estimation by identifying the point at which the tomographic reconstruction achieves its maximum is sensitive to noise, particularly when limited angle data from only a few transducers data are available for beamforming. Recently, submillimeter range accuracy for a high energy proton beam was achieved by excessive averaging to improve the signal to noise ratio (SNR) …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, submillimeter range accuracy for a high energy proton beam was achieved by excessive averaging to improve the signal to noise ratio (SNR). 28 Physical and biological challenges to ionoacoustic range verification include proton range straggling and the therapeutic dose limit.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two‐stage ionoacoustic range verification leveraging Monte Carlo and acoustic simulations to stably account for tissue inhomogeneity and accelerator–specific time structure – A simulation study

et al. 2017

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Ionoacoustic range verification may improve current practice. Ionoacoustic range estimates can be inherently co-registered to ultrasound images of underlying anatomy. To ensure estimates are robust in clinical practice, dose maps based upon the planning CT should be overlaid onto ultrasound volumes acquired at time of treatment and acoustic simulations re-computed to provide a database of control points and corresponding thermoacoustic emissions. Computation times for beamformed estimates are already fast enough for online range verification, but are not accurate enough for a measurement aperture limited to the surface of a transrectal ultrasound probe. Accelerated acoustic simulations will be required to enable online two-stage correction, but offline calculation is already suitable for adaptive planning.

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Submillimeter ionoacoustic range determination for protons in water at a clinical synchrocyclotron

Cited by 66 publications

References 21 publications

Simulation studies of time reversal‐based protoacoustic reconstruction for range and dose verification in proton therapy

Simulation studies of time reversal‐based protoacoustic reconstruction for range and dose verification in proton therapy

Ionizing radiation‐induced acoustics for radiotherapy and diagnostic radiology applications

Two‐stage ionoacoustic range verification leveraging Monte Carlo and acoustic simulations to stably account for tissue inhomogeneity and accelerator–specific time structure – A simulation study

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