Submicroscopic Structure of the Human Synovial Membrane

Abstract

Brno, 50,1981: 3-25.

Ultrastructure of the Bovine Synovial Membrane in Ontogenesis

“…1976;Krey et a1. 1976;Linck and Porte 1978;Okada et a1.1981;Horky 1981) except in rats, where Roy and G hadially (1967) and especially Wassilev (1972Wassilev ( , 1973Wassilev ( , 1975 describe accordingly the synovial membrane as strinkingly clustered with cells, the synovial matrix being reduced at the same time.…”

“…Langer and Huth (1960) have been the first who observed synovial membrane submicroscopic structure in calf and lately Howlett (1974) who described differences in ultrastructure of this tissue in bulls under pathological conditions. These studies (and many others not mentioned here) on the synovial membrane of mammals and man (Horky 1981) stated that there are no differences in the fine structure of synovial membrane in different age groups and only small differences in the appearance of synovial membrane of various joints in man and other mammals.…”

“…At present, according to new observations, it is divided into two types -fibrous and lipid (Jaffe 1972). With regard to the fact that no basal membrane has been proved in the synovial membrane of most mammals separating the cells of the synovial membrane from the structures deposited lower (Barland et al 1962;Bozdech and Horn 1970;Horky 1981), the margin between the synovial membrane proper and sub synovial tissue is not distinct. The deep layer of the synovial membrane continues without a distinct margin into the subsynovial tissue.…”

“…They are sporadically arranged in synovial matrix of the most of mammals (Langer and Huth 1960;Ghadially and Roy 1966;Bozdech and Horn 1970;Krey et al 1976;Linck and Porte 1978;Okada et a1. 1981;Horky 1981) while by rats for example matrix is reduced and the cells lean closely to one another (Roy and Ghadially 1967, Wassilev 1972, 1973, 1975. Our own observations on the cellular disposition of synovial membrane agrees with literary data of authors who observed parts of synovial membrane uncovered by a continuous layer of cells or only partly covered by their flat projections.…”

The Ultrastructure of Synovial Membrane in the Prenatal Pig

“…Synovial membrane plays a very important role in functioning of the joint in both physiological and pathological conditions and thus investigations into its SUbmicroscopic structure and the ultrastructure of synovialocytes in particular have been carried out in various mammalian and avian species (Barland etal.1962;Davies and Palfrey 1966;Krey and Cohen 1973;Watanabe et al 1974;Wyllie et al 1964;Fell et al 1976;Bozdech and Horn 1970;Cutlip and Cheville 1973;Horky et al 1975;Ghadially 1982;Horky, 1981;Linck and Porte 1978;Okada et al 1981;Wassilev 1972;1974;1975) and others. All these observations have led to the classification of synovial cells into two categories seen nearly in all mammalian species so far studied: i) cells resembling histiocytes (A cells, M, macrophage-like, cells) whose phagocytic capacity has been demonstrated earlier (Ball et al 1964;Cochrane et al 1965) and ii) cells with well-developed granular endoplasmic reticulum probably secrening proteins (B cells or F, fibroblast-like, cells or S, secretory, cells) and were first described by Barland et al (1962) and then by Wyllie et al (1964), Krey and Cohen (1973), Johansson and Rejno (1976), Okada et al (1981), Graabaek (1984;1985) and others.…”