Submersion tolerance in floodplain arthropod communities

Rothenbücher, Judith; Schaefer, Matthias

doi:10.1016/j.baae.2006.05.005

Cited by 86 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Intraguild interference between spiders and other predators may be reduced by the presence of litter in grassland vegetation (Langellotto and Denno 2004). In addition, spider communities in disturbed habitats comprise many immigrants (Rothenbücher and Schaefer 2006;Schmidt et al 2008), which may be diVerently attracted to fallows compared to mown areas. A high importance of standing vegetation for spider overwintering has been reported from Phragmites reed beds (Pühringer 1979, Neumann andKrüger 1991).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rotational fallows as overwintering habitat for grassland arthropods: the case of spiders in fen meadows

et al. 2008

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Regular mowing of grassland is often necessary for plant conservation, but uncut vegetation is needed by many arthropods for overwintering. This may lead to conXicting management strategies for plant and arthropod conservation. Rotational fallows are a possible solution. They provide a spatio-temporal mosaic of mown and unmown areas that may combine beneWts to both plants and arthropods. We tested if rotational fallows enhance spider overwintering in fen meadows. Rotational fallows consisted of three adjoining strips 10 m wide and 35-50 m long. Each year, one of these strips was left unmown (fallow) in an alternating manner so that each strip was mown two out of three years. Spiders were sampled during spring with emergence traps in nine pairs of currently unmown fallow strips and completely mown reference plots. Fallows signiWcantly enhanced orb-weavers (Araneidae), sac spiders (Clubionidae) and ground spiders (Gnaphosidae). However, only 4.7% of the total variation in community composition was attributable to fallows. Community variation was larger between landscapes (34.5%) and sites (38.2%). Also diversity was much higher between landscapes (45 species) and sites (22 species) than between fallows and mown reference plots (10 species). We conclude that the Wrst priority for spider conservation is to preserve as many fen meadows in diVerent landscapes as possible. Locally, rotational fallows enhance overwintering of the above-mentioned spider families, which are sensitive to mowing in other grassland types as well. Thus, rotational fallows would probably foster spider conservation in a wide range of situations. However, stronger eVects can be expected from larger and/or older fallow areas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rotational fallows as overwintering habitat for grassland arthropods: the case of spiders in fen meadows

et al. 2008

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“…Instead, most species combine high reproduction rates with remigration after flood events (Adis & Junk, 2002;Rothenbücher & Schaefer, 2006), and relatively few species show morphological, phenological and physiological adaptations to cope with flooding (Tamm, 1986;Zulka, 1994;Rothenbücher & Schaefer, 2005. Such adaptations are designated as "pre-adaptations", primarily because of the short evolutionary period since the last Ice Age, but also due to the lack of a predictable inundation regime (Weigmann & Wohlgemuth-von Reiche, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses and adaptations of collembolan communities (Hexapoda: Collembola) to flooding and hypoxic conditions

Marx

Wild

Knollmann

et al. 2009

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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-Standard ecological methods (pitfall traps, trunk eclectors and soil cores) were used to evaluate collembolan community responses to different flooding intensities. Three sites of a floodplain habitat near Mainz, Germany, with different flooding regimes were investigated. The structures of collembolan communities are markedly different depending on flooding intensity. Sites more affected by flooding are dominated by hygrophilic and hygrotolerant species, whereas the hardwood floodplain is dominated by mesophilic species. The survival strategies of the hygrophilic and hygrotolerant species include egg diapause and passive drifting. The physiological adaptations to hypoxic conditions of several collembolan species were analyzed using a microcalorimeter. The activities were tested under normoxic and hypoxic/anoxic conditions as well as during post-hypoxic recovery. Lactate was increased after hypoxic intervals in the species studied, suggesting that, in addition to a massive decrease in metabolic rate, a modest glycolytic activity may be involved in the tolerance to hypoxia.Index terms: behavioral adaptation, ecological adaptation, egg diapause, inundation, morphological adaptation, physiological adaptation. Respostas e adaptações de comunidades de colêmbolos (Hexapoda: Collembola) a condições de inundação e hipoxiaResumo -Foram utilizados os métodos ecológicos padrão (armadilhas "pitfall", armadilhas de tronco e amostras de solo) para avaliar as respostas de comunidade de colêmbolos a diferentes intensidades de inundação. Foram investigados três locais de um habitat de leitos de inundação perto de Mainz, Alemanha, com diferentes regimes de inundação. As estruturas das comunidades de colêmbolos foram nitidamente diferentes conforme a intensidade das inundações. Nos locais mais afetados por inundações, as espécies higrofílicas e higrotolerantes dominaram, ao passo que as espécies mesofílicas foram dominantes nos locais de leitos de inundação com angiospermas. As estratégias de sobrevivência das espécies higrofílicas e higrotolerantes incluem a diapausa dos ovos e o deslocamento passivo. Foi testada a adaptação fisiológica a condições hipóxicas de espécies selecionadas de colêmbolos através de análises por microcalorimetria. A atividade das espécies foi testada em condições normóxicas e hipóxicas/anóxicas e durante a recuperação pós-hipoxia. Verificou-se que o lactato aumentava após condições hipóxicas nas espécies avaliadas, o que sugere que, além de um decréscimo massivo na atividade metabólica, deve haver também certa atividade glicolítica associada à tolerância à hipoxia.Termos para indexação: adaptação comportamental, adaptação ecológica, diapausa dos ovos, inundação, adaptação morfológica, adaptação fisiológica.

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“…2009 Schaefer (2005,2006) in fl ooding experiments in a comparable fl oodplain forest in Central Europe, where only grass-and leafhoppers could survive a periodic winter inundation in the egg stage, in which it was possibly dormant. Other invertebrate groups such as Araneae and carabid beetles did not survive fl ooding but migrated from nonfl ooded sites after inundation (Rothenbücher & Schaefer, 2006). As mentioned above, compared with data from the hillock control plots, the frequency of soil animals in the control plots located in the depressions was lower (Figure 3 B).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 79%

A new method to simulate the hydrological state of soil under natural conditions

Wild

Marx

Eisenbeis

2009

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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-Micro, macro and mesofauna in the soil often respond to fl uctuating environmental conditions, resulting in changes of abundance and community structure. Effects of changing soil parameters are normally determined with samples taken in the fi eld and brought to the laboratory, i.e. where natural environmental conditions may not apply. We devised a method (STAFD -soil tubes for artifi cial fl ood and drought), which simulates the hydrological state of soil in situ using implanted cores. Control tubes were compared with treatment tubes in which fl oods of 15, 30, 60 and 90 days, and droughts of 60, 90 and 120 days were simulated in the fi eld. Flooding and drought were found to reduce number of individuals in all soil faunal groups, but the response to drought was slower and not in proportion to the expected decrease of the water content. The results of the simulated fl oods in particular show the value of the STAFD method for the investigation of such extreme events in natural habitats.Index terms: climate change, drought, fl ooding, soil invertebrates, soil tubes, STAFD method. Um novo método para simular o estado hidrológico do solo em condições naturaisResumo -As micro, macro e mesofaunas no solo respondem frequentemente à variação das condições ambientais, o que resulta em alterações na abundância e na estrutura da comunidade. Os efeitos das alterações nos parâmetros do solo são normalmente determinados com amostras recolhidas no campo e trazidas ao laboratório, ou seja, onde as condições ambientais naturais podem não ser aplicáveis. Criamos um método (STAFD -tubos de amostra de solo para inundações e secas artifi ciais), que simula o estado hidrológico do solo in situ com núcleos implantados. As amostras de controle foram comparadas com amostras de tratamentos em que foram simuladas inundações de 15, 30, 60 e 90 dias e secas de 60, 90 e 120 dias no campo. Verifi couse que as inundações e a seca reduziram a quantidade de individuos em todos os grupos de fauna de solo, mas a resposta à seca foi mais lenta e não proporcional à redução prevista no teor de água. Os resultados das inundações simuladas demonstram, em especial, o valor do método STAFD para a investigação desse tipo de eventos extremos nos habitats naturais.Termos para indexação: alteração climática, seca, inundação, invertebrados do solo, tubos de amostra de solo, método STAFD.

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Submersion tolerance in floodplain arthropod communities

Cited by 86 publications

References 3 publications

Rotational fallows as overwintering habitat for grassland arthropods: the case of spiders in fen meadows

Rotational fallows as overwintering habitat for grassland arthropods: the case of spiders in fen meadows

Responses and adaptations of collembolan communities (Hexapoda: Collembola) to flooding and hypoxic conditions

A new method to simulate the hydrological state of soil under natural conditions

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