Submarine Trenches and Wave-Wave Interactions Enhance the Sediment Resuspension Induced by Internal Solitary Waves

Tian, Zhuangcai; Liu, Chao; Jia, Yangwen; Song, Lei; Zhang, Mingwei

doi:10.1007/s11802-023-5384-0

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The concentration of the suspended particulate matter near the bottoms of trenches could be double that outside them and form a vast bottom nepheloid layer. Trenches could increase the concentration of the suspended particulate matter in the entire water column, and a water column with a high concentration of the suspended particulate matter would be formed above the trench (Tian, Liu, et al, 2023). The bedforms have a great influence on the suspended sediments of ISW.…”

Section: Influence Of Bedforms On Iswmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction between internal solitary waves and the seafloor in the deep sea

Tian,

Huang,

Xiang

et al. 2024

Deep Underground Science and Engineering

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Internal solitary wave (ISW), as a typical marine dynamic process in the deep sea, widely exists in oceans and marginal seas worldwide. The interaction between ISW and the seafloor mainly occurs in the bottom boundary layer. For the seabed boundary layer of the deep sea, ISW is the most important dynamic process. This study analyzed the current status, hotspots, and frontiers of research on the interaction between ISW and the seafloor by CiteSpace. Focusing on the action of ISW on the seabed, such as transformation and reaction, a large amount of research work and results were systematically analyzed and summarized. On this basis, this study analyzed the wave–wave interaction and interaction between ISW and the bedform or slope of the seabed, which provided a new perspective for an in‐depth understanding of the interaction between ISW and the seafloor. Finally, the latest research results of the bottom boundary layer and marine engineering stability by ISW were introduced, and the unresolved problems in the current research work were summarized. This study provides a valuable reference for further research on the hazards of ISW to marine engineering geology.

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Section: Influence Of Bedforms On Iswmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction between internal solitary waves and the seafloor in the deep sea

Tian,

Huang,

Xiang

et al. 2024

Deep Underground Science and Engineering

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“…It may be that, in the four hours during which the current changed, from 8:00 to 12:00 on 9 August, the upward propagation of the water mass was 10 cm above 0.2 m from the seabed, but the current direction at the height of 0.2 m is similar to that at the height of 0.1 m. This could be due to the terrain causing the destruction of water masses. The interaction of these water masses with the terrain can cause the flat seabed to become resuspended [46][47][48]. The average current velocity in the horizontal direction is 7 cm/s in its normal sea conditions (from 11:00 on 8 August to 8:00 on 9 August) (Figure 3).…”

Section: The Change Process Of the Current's Direction Near The Botto...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the Mining Process on the Near-Seabed Environment of a Polymetallic Nodule Area: A Field Simulation Experiment in a Western Pacific Area

Li,

Jia,

Fan

et al. 2023

Sensors

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With the consumption of terrestrial metal resources, deep-sea polymetallic nodule minerals have been widely exploited around the world. Therefore, the environmental impact of deep-sea polymetallic nodule mining cannot be ignored. In this study, for the first time, a field disturbance and observation device, integrated with multiple sensors, is used to simulate the disturbance process of mining on seabed sediments in the polymetallic nodule area of the western Pacific Ocean at a depth of 5700 m. The impact of the process of stroking and lifting on the bottom sediment in the polymetallic nodule area is 30 times higher than that caused by the waves or the current. The time for turbidity to return to normal after the increase is about 30 min, and the influence distance of a disturbance to the bottom bed on turbidity is about 126 m. The time it takes for density to return to normal is about four hours, and the influence is about 1000 m. At the same time, the resuspension of the bottom sediment leads to an increase in density anomaly and salinity. Moreover, suspended sediments rich in metal ions may react with dissolved oxygen in water, resulting in a decrease in the dissolved oxygen content and an increase in ORP. During the observation period, the phenomenon of a deep-sea reciprocating current is found, which may cause the suspended sediment generated by the continuous operation of the mining vehicle to produce suspended sediment clouds in the water near the bottom of the mining area. This could lead to the continuous increase in nutrients in the water near the bottom of the mining area and the continuous reduction in dissolved oxygen, which will have a significant impact on the local ecological environment. Therefore, the way mining vehicles dig and wash in water bodies could have a marked impact on the marine environment. We suggest adopting the technology of suction and ore separation on mining ships, as well as bringing the separated sediment back to the land for comprehensive utilization.

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“…Additionally, we must develop theoretical methods for seabed disaster risk prevention and control under the coupled effects of seabed fluid migration, geological environment, and human activities. Keywords: seabed fluid migration; marine geologic hazards; risk prevention and control; northern South China Sea 一、前言近年来，我国海洋强国建设、南海资源开发工作稳步推进。南海北部累计发现天然气三级地质储量约为 7×10 11 m 3 ，原油三级地质储量约为 1×10 8 m 3 [1] ；各类海洋工程建设蓬勃发展，铺设海底电缆 60 多条。在此背景下，揭示海洋地质灾害发生机理并开展风险防控，有助于国家海洋开发的高质量实施。此外，海洋地质灾害研究涉及地球圈层、时空、自然、人类活动，多学科交叉特征鲜明，深化相关研究有望在地球系统科学的理论技术方面取得突破。海床流体迁移指海底液体、气体、海水在海床内外的传输运移过程，作为岩石圈、水圈、生物圈的物质和能量交换中最活跃、最直接的要素，对海洋地质灾害的孕育、发展、演化具有重要影响 [2] 。海床流体既会以地质构造作为通道发生迁移和聚散，也会与地质体产生物质和能量的交换，由此引发各类地质灾害。例如，深部流体垂向迁移会改变断层应力状态及其活动性，形成底辟构造，参与地质灾害的孕育过程 [3] ；天然气水合物的分解会使浅部地层压力升高，在地表形成隆起或麻坑，相应的侧向迁移会产生软弱层，劣化斜坡的物理力学性质，对巨型滑坡等灾害体结构发展起到促进作用 [4] ；海水动力作用会造成海底环境要素变化、沉积物侵蚀再沉积，最终导致海洋地质灾害的形成 [5] 。此外，流体运移特征的变化对地质灾害具有指示意义，如地质体内部状态的变化通常伴随着流体温度、压力、元素成分的变化，流体迁移携带的深部信号可作为地质灾害预警的有效工具 [6] 究基础。 "南海深海过程演变"项目支持形成了对南海沉积与构造系统的全面认识 [16] ； "透明海洋" 项目支持发展了海洋观测和探测的系列关键技术，系统研究了南海海洋动力场特征 [17] 。针对南海北部，建立了对海底流体迁移系统的基本认识 [18] ，初步揭示了南海白云凹陷区巨型滑坡特征及其蠕动变形 [19] ，分析了深海海床侵蚀再悬浮、海底滑坡等典型海洋地质灾害的影响因素 [20] 。需要注意到，深海地质过程的原位观测、探测以及风险防控，仍在多系统集成、多尺度联合、多维信息处理方面存在技术瓶颈；现有研究主要从地质学角度开展识别和推断，未能就流体迁移致灾过程的直接观测证据、灾害孕育发展演化等进行分析。因此，相关灾害的预测与风险防控问题仍待进一步研究 [21] 水平流速可达 2.5 m/s、在天文大潮期间每天发生 2 次 [23] ；内孤立波由吕宋海峡产生并向西传播，穿越深水区、经过陆坡陆架区，最终在近岸破碎消亡，传播距离超过 600 km [24] ，携带能量主要通过与陆坡、陆架区的相互作用而传递给海底沉积物。内孤立波产生的底部剪切流速，能够侵蚀海底表层沉积物、改造陆坡底形 [11] ，还会影响海床的孔隙水压…”

Section: 海床流体迁移致灾机理及风险防控研究现状及展望unclassified