Submarine Lateglacial lake deposits from the Kattegat, southern Scandinavia

This paper presents an age–depth model based on an ultra‐high‐resolution, 80‐m‐thick sedimentary succession from a marine continental shelf basin, the Kattegat. This is an area of dynamic deglaciation of the Fennoscandian Ice Sheet during the Late Pleistocene. The Kattegat is also a transitional area between the saline North Sea and the brackish Baltic Sea. As such, it records general development of currents and exchange between these two systems. Data for the succession were provided through the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Site M0060. The site indicates onset of deglaciation at c. 18 ka BP and relatively continuous sedimentation until 13 ka BP. At this point, sediments record a hiatus until c. 9–7 ka BP. The uppermost sedimentary unit contains redeposited material, but it is estimated to represent only the last c. 9–7 ka BP. The age–depth model is based on 17 select, radiocarbon‐dated samples and is integrated with a set of physical and chemical proxies. The integrated records provide novel constraints on the timing of major palaeoenvironmental changes, such as the transition from glaciomarine proximal to glaciomarine distal and marine conditions, and their connections to known major events and processes in the region and the North Atlantic. Depositional evidence specifically documents connections between the Fennoscandian Ice Sheet behaviour and atmospheric and oceanic warming. Glacial retreat may have also depended on topographic factors such as changes in basin width and depth, linked to relative sea level changes and land uplift. The results indicate an early response of the Fennoscandian Ice Sheet to changing climate, and the ice sheet's possible influence on oceanic circulation during the Late Pleistocene deglaciation.

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“…2019; Wiberg‐Larsen et al . 2019). These studies provided only limited information on lateglacial sedimentary units.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Deglaciation dynamics of the Fennoscandian Ice Sheet in the Kattegat, the gateway between the North Sea and the Baltic Sea Basin

Hyttinen

Krupinski

Bennike

et al. 2020

Boreas

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“…Therefore, the shallow-most near-shore parts of presently submerged continental shelves extend over a considerable area globally and represent an important and often poorly studied geological environment. Due to the steadily increasing interest of the geological and archaeological research communities in shallow, presently submerged, and often buried landscapes [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41], accurate depth conversion is crucial for future geological studies and paleoenvironmental reconstructions in such settings. We investigate an example of a transgressed and submerged alluvial plain in the Bay of Koper (Gulf of Trieste, northern Adriatic Sea; Figure 1) to provide sound velocity values for thin (up to 20 m thick) Quaternary sediments deposited in terrestrial-marine sedimentary environments located in shallow near-shore environments a few tens of meters deep.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sound Velocity in a Thin Shallowly Submerged Terrestrial-Marine Quaternary Succession (Northern Adriatic Sea)

Novak

Šmuc

Poglajen³

et al. 2020

Water

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Estimating sound velocity in seabed sediment of shallow near-shore areas submerged after the Last Glacial Maximum is often difficult due to the heterogeneous sedimentary composition resulting from sea-level changes affecting the sedimentary environments. The complex sedimentary architecture and heterogeneity greatly impact lateral and horizontal velocity variations. Existing sound velocity studies are mainly focused on the surficial parts of the seabed sediments, whereas the deeper and often more heterogeneous sections are usually neglected. We present an example of a submerged alluvial plain in the northern Adriatic where we were able to investigate the entire Quaternary sedimentary succession from the seafloor down to the sediment base on the bedrock. We used an extensive dataset of vintage borehole litho-sedimentological descriptions covering the entire thickness of the Quaternary sedimentary succession. We correlated the dataset with sub-bottom sonar profiles in order to determine the average sound velocities through various sediment types. The sound velocities of clay-dominated successions average around 1530 m/s, while the values of silt-dominated successions extend between 1550 and 1590 m/s. The maximum sound velocity of approximately 1730 m/s was determined at a location containing sandy sediment, while the minimum sound velocity of approximately 1250 m/s was calculated for gas-charged sediments. We show that, in shallow areas with thin Quaternary successions, the main factor influencing average sound velocity is the predominant sediment type (i.e. grain size), whereas the overburden influence is negligible. Where present in the sedimentary column, gas substantially reduces sound velocity. Our work provides a reference for sound velocities in submerged, thin (less than 20 m thick), terrestrial-marine Quaternary successions located in shallow (a few tens of meters deep) near-shore settings, which represent a large part of the present-day coastal environments.

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“…Seismic methods have been successfully applied in the exploration and exploitation of hydrocarbon deposits and actually in many other fields of science, for example, archaeology, construction, environmental protection, tectonics, and geomorphology [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. Another application worth mentioning is sediment basin analysis [17][18][19][20][21][22][23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismic Imaging of the Mesozoic Bedrock Relief and Geological Structure under Quaternary Sediment Cover: The Bolmin Syncline (SW Holy Cross Mountains, Poland)

et al. 2019

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The clear and detailed images of geological structures that can be obtained by seismic methods are one of the main drivers of their popularity in geological research. The quality of final geophysical images and models relies strongly on the amount of data that goes into them. Analysing several complementary seismic datasets allow an improved interpretation. Responding to this challenge, this article proposed an optimal combination of geophysical methods for near-surface applications. Multi-channel analysis of surface waves, first-arrival travel-time tomography, and ground-penetrating radar were the key supports for standard reflection seismic imaging. Ease of use and fast and cheap acquisition are some of the advantages of the mentioned methods. Considering that all recorded wave fields required minimal additional processing while offering a significant improvement in the final stack, it was worth the extra effort. Thanks to that, the better-estimated velocity filed allowed high quality images to be obtained up to 200 m. The Mesozoic bedrock was a distinct and very strong reflector in the resulting reflection seismic imaging. There was also a clearly visible depression of the horizon corresponding to erosion or a structure (syncline). Deeper, it was possible to track two or even four detachments of faulting origin.

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Submarine Lateglacial lake deposits from the Kattegat, southern Scandinavia

Cited by 7 publications

References 31 publications

Deglaciation dynamics of the Fennoscandian Ice Sheet in the Kattegat, the gateway between the North Sea and the Baltic Sea Basin

Deglaciation dynamics of the Fennoscandian Ice Sheet in the Kattegat, the gateway between the North Sea and the Baltic Sea Basin

Sound Velocity in a Thin Shallowly Submerged Terrestrial-Marine Quaternary Succession (Northern Adriatic Sea)

Seismic Imaging of the Mesozoic Bedrock Relief and Geological Structure under Quaternary Sediment Cover: The Bolmin Syncline (SW Holy Cross Mountains, Poland)

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