Sublethal toxicity of carbofuran in cattle egret (Bubulcus ibis coromandus): hematological, biochemical, and histopathological alterations

Abstract

This study was aimed to investigate Carbofuran (CF)-induced pathological changes in cattle egret. Two hundred cattle egrets were reared and equally divided into four groups and given different CF concentrations (0.03 mg/L, 0.02 mg/L, 0.01 mg/L and 0 mg/L (control group)). Hematology, serum biochemistry, histopathology, and immunological markers were studied. Our results confirm that CF induces anemic conditions, leukocytosis, elevated liver enzymatic activity, and alterations in renal biomarkers. Moreover, specific microscopic lesions such as multifocal necrosis, pyknotic nuclei, hemorrhages, congestion, and inflammatory cell proliferation were observed in the liver, kidney, spleen, and thymus. These findings suggest that CF can induce harmful effects, so the application of this pesticide in the field must be strictly monitored to mitigate the possibility of exposure to non-target species.

Exposure to Pfaffia glomerata causes oxidative stress and triggers hepatic changes

“…Such scenario can be observed following exposure to different pollutants, including heavy metals, xenobiotics, carbon tetrachloride, and alcohol, which damage liver tissue and stimulate ROS production (Sreelatha et al, 2009). Plant species that are rich in alkaloids and flavonoids, such as the tomato Solanum lycopersicum L. (Buabeid et al, 2022) and Bubulcus ibis coromandus (Munir et al, 2022) may induce the increase in bilirubin, albumin, AST, ALT, ALP levels. In contrast, low ALT levels, as observed here, can be attributed to the action of plant polyphenols (Diab et al, 2020).…”