Sublethal Effects of an Organophosphorous Insecticide, Dimethoate, on the Isopod Porcellio scaber Latr.

Toxic effects of molluscicidal baits to the terrestrial isopod Porcellionides pruinosus (Brandt, 1833)

“…This drastic inhibition of AChE activity surely can be linked with the mode of action of the carbamate methiocarb, which is designed specifically to inhibit this enzyme, as it was attested by several research papers concerning the effects of this pesticide in AChE activity of various non-target species (Taylor 1996;Wellman and Heimbach 1996;Jensen 1998;Hyne and Maher 2003;Boran et al 2007;Radwan et al 2008). The strong decrease in AChE activity within a small exposure period is also in agreement with previous studies that illustrated the decrease in the activity of this enzyme when terrestrial isopods were exposed to organophosphate insecticides, that have a similar inhibitory influence in AChE as carbamates, even at sub-lethal concentrations (Fischer et al 1997;Ribeiro et al 1999;Stanek et al 2003;Engenheiro et al 2005). The depression in AChE activity as a direct result of P. pruinosus ingestion of methiocarb pellets and the sensitivity of this enzyme to exposure represents a specific response and is of critical importance in the determination of the mode of action of this molluscicide to terrestrial isopods and, therefore, can be considered a precise biomarker of exposure (Peakall 1999).…”

Evaluation of the joint effect of glyphosate and dimethoate using a small-scale terrestrial ecosystem

“…The effects of the insecticide dimethoate on the retrieval rate of the isopod P. pruinosus (EC 50 ¼0.46(0.16À 0.80) mg/kg) was much lower than the concentration responsible for reducing 50% the survival rate (LC 50 higher than 75 mg/kg) of the isopod species Porcellio scaber (Fischer et al, 1997), and the species Porcellio dilatatus (LC 50 higher than 20 mg/kg) exposed for 10 d on a siltloam soil on a microcosm experiment (Engenheiro et al, 2005). The reason for the discrepancy between the values found in the present study and the works cited above could be the method of pesticide application in the STEM.…”

Comparative ecotoxicity of chlorantraniliprole to non-target soil invertebrates

“…Based on these data, CAP is significantly less hazardous to these test organisms than other insecticides, for instance when compared with dimethoate (Fischer et al, 1997), endosulfan and parathion toxicity (Ribeiro et al, 2001) to isopods and parathion, abamectin, pentachlorophenol, dimethoate, alpha-cypermethrin and lindane toxicity to enchytraeids (Jarratt and Thompson, 2009). For O. nitens, no comparison of CAP toxicity with that of other pesticides is possible due to the lack of toxicity data for this species in general.…”