Subjective Social Status and Health among Older Adults in China: The Longitudinal Mediating Role of Social Trust

Abstract

Background From a developmental perspective, this study explored the interplays between subjective social status (SSS), social trust (ST), and health status measured by self-rated health (SRH) among the elderly in the context of China. It also tested the longitudinal mediation of ST between SSS and SRH. Methods After excluding samples with missing values, we analyzed 4,536 individual responses from those aged 60 years or older, extracted from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) data in 2014, 2016, and 2018. We used latent growth modeling to test the hypothesized relationships among their SSS, ST, and SRH. Results Latent growth modeling based on bootstrapping showed that the SSS, ST, and SRH of the elderly all increased linearly and that the mechanism of SSS acted on the SRH as follows: The initial level of SSS indirectly influenced the initial level and the growth rate of the SRH, respectively, through the initial level of ST, and the initial level and growth rate of SSS played an indirect role in the growth rate of the SRH through the growth rate of ST. Conclusion The findings have practical implications for promoting health for the elderly and realizing active aging in China. Therefore, we recommend establishing a family-centered and community-supported social support system for those with lower social status among the elderly and a friendly community environment with various social, cultural, and recreational activities to improve the ST among the elderly, thereby improving their health.