Subjective depressive symptoms and metabolic syndrome among the general population

Associations between diabetes, major depressive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder comorbidity, and disability: Findings from the 2012 Canadian Community Health Survey — Mental Health (CCHS-MH)

“…For instance, both depression and GAD are associated with increased inflammation, high blood pressure, and obesity [35][36][37][38][39], which are factors that also contribute to the etiology of diabetes (40). Comorbidity may be a proxy for greater symptom severity, which may ultimately exacerbate the pathophysiological processes linking mental health with diabetes and related disability.…”

Depression trajectories and the association with metabolic adversities among the middle-aged adults

“…MetS has been established as a risk factor for depression in clinical and general populations; however, the most of these studies were cross-sectional (Laudisio et al, 2009;Muhtz et al, 2009;Nishina et al, 2011;Rhee et al, 2014) or described an association with a single mean trajectory for depressive symptoms over time (Almeida et al, 2009;Pan et al, 2012;Pulkki-Raback et al, 2009;Takeuchi et al, 2009) not reflecting the heterogeneous manifestation of depressive symptoms among individuals. In this regard, our study, based on trajectory analyses and including a large sample, provides strong and valid evidence of these relationships.…”

“…Male and female data were analyzed separately because several reports indicate sex differences in the association between depression and metabolic disturbance (Kinder et al, 2004;Laudisio et al, 2009;Pulkki-Raback et al, 2009;Rhee et al, 2014;Toker et al, 2008;Viinamaki et al, 2009), although results pertaining to sex as a moderating factor in this association are equivocal (Muhtz et al, 2009). …”

Toxicology and the biological role of methanol and ethanol: Current view

“…The risk of cardiovascular diseases can be enhanced in metabolic syndrome. The metabolic syndrome alone is another possible consequence of heavy alcohol consumption even though the mechanism of onset of the syndrome remains unclear 139,140 . The association between liver diseases and alcoholism is also known 141 and in alcohol liver diseases the activation of ethanol to acetaldehyde and alcohol induced fibrosis and inflammation takes place resulting in hepatitis manifestation after a period of heavy drinking [142][143][144] .…”